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Arabidopsis mutants reveal that short- and long-term thermotolerance have different requirements for trienoic fatty acids
The photosynthetic thylakoid has the highest level of lipid unsaturation of any membrane. In Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown at 22°C, approximately 70% of the thylakoid fatty acids are trienoic – they have three double bonds. In Arabidopsis, and other species, the levels of trienoic fatty acids de...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276102/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22140238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err381 |
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author | Routaboul, Jean-Marc Skidmore, Chris Wallis, James G. Browse, John |
author_facet | Routaboul, Jean-Marc Skidmore, Chris Wallis, James G. Browse, John |
author_sort | Routaboul, Jean-Marc |
collection | PubMed |
description | The photosynthetic thylakoid has the highest level of lipid unsaturation of any membrane. In Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown at 22°C, approximately 70% of the thylakoid fatty acids are trienoic – they have three double bonds. In Arabidopsis, and other species, the levels of trienoic fatty acids decline substantially at higher temperatures. Several genetic studies indicate that reduced unsaturation improves photosynthetic function and plant survival at high temperatures. Here, these studies are extended using the Arabidopsis triple mutant, fad3-2 fad7-2 fad8 that contains no detectable trienoic fatty acids. In the short-term, fluorescence analyses and electron-transport assays indicated that photosynthetic functions in this mutant are more thermotolerant than the wild type. However, long-term photosynthesis, growth, and survival of plants were all compromised in the triple mutant at high temperature. The fad3-2 fad7-2 fad8 mutant is deficient in jasmonate synthesis and this hormone has been shown to mediate some aspects of thermotolerance; however, additional experiments demonstrated that a lack of jasmonate was not a major factor in the death of triple-mutant plants at high temperature. The results indicate that long-term thermotolerance requires a basal level of trienoic fatty acids. Thus, the success of genetic and molecular approaches to increase thermotolerance by reducing membrane unsaturation will be limited by countervailing effects that compromise essential plant functions at elevated temperatures. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3276102 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-32761022012-02-09 Arabidopsis mutants reveal that short- and long-term thermotolerance have different requirements for trienoic fatty acids Routaboul, Jean-Marc Skidmore, Chris Wallis, James G. Browse, John J Exp Bot Research Papers The photosynthetic thylakoid has the highest level of lipid unsaturation of any membrane. In Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown at 22°C, approximately 70% of the thylakoid fatty acids are trienoic – they have three double bonds. In Arabidopsis, and other species, the levels of trienoic fatty acids decline substantially at higher temperatures. Several genetic studies indicate that reduced unsaturation improves photosynthetic function and plant survival at high temperatures. Here, these studies are extended using the Arabidopsis triple mutant, fad3-2 fad7-2 fad8 that contains no detectable trienoic fatty acids. In the short-term, fluorescence analyses and electron-transport assays indicated that photosynthetic functions in this mutant are more thermotolerant than the wild type. However, long-term photosynthesis, growth, and survival of plants were all compromised in the triple mutant at high temperature. The fad3-2 fad7-2 fad8 mutant is deficient in jasmonate synthesis and this hormone has been shown to mediate some aspects of thermotolerance; however, additional experiments demonstrated that a lack of jasmonate was not a major factor in the death of triple-mutant plants at high temperature. The results indicate that long-term thermotolerance requires a basal level of trienoic fatty acids. Thus, the success of genetic and molecular approaches to increase thermotolerance by reducing membrane unsaturation will be limited by countervailing effects that compromise essential plant functions at elevated temperatures. Oxford University Press 2012-02 2011-12-03 /pmc/articles/PMC3276102/ /pubmed/22140238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err381 Text en © 2011 The Author(s). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper is available online free of all access charges (see http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/open_access.html for further details) |
spellingShingle | Research Papers Routaboul, Jean-Marc Skidmore, Chris Wallis, James G. Browse, John Arabidopsis mutants reveal that short- and long-term thermotolerance have different requirements for trienoic fatty acids |
title | Arabidopsis mutants reveal that short- and long-term thermotolerance have different requirements for trienoic fatty acids |
title_full | Arabidopsis mutants reveal that short- and long-term thermotolerance have different requirements for trienoic fatty acids |
title_fullStr | Arabidopsis mutants reveal that short- and long-term thermotolerance have different requirements for trienoic fatty acids |
title_full_unstemmed | Arabidopsis mutants reveal that short- and long-term thermotolerance have different requirements for trienoic fatty acids |
title_short | Arabidopsis mutants reveal that short- and long-term thermotolerance have different requirements for trienoic fatty acids |
title_sort | arabidopsis mutants reveal that short- and long-term thermotolerance have different requirements for trienoic fatty acids |
topic | Research Papers |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276102/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22140238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/err381 |
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