Time-dependent improvement in functional outcome following Oxford medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: A prospective longitudinal multicenter study involving 96 patients

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 10-year survival rates after unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) have been up to 97% in single-center studies, but they have been as low as 80% in studies from arthroplasty registers. Few studies have evaluated short-term functional outcome and its improvement with time. We determined the time course of functional outcome as evaluated by the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) over the first 2 years after Oxford medial UKR. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective multicenter study, we included 99 unselected knees (96 patients, mean age 65 (51–80) years, 57 women) operated with Oxford medial UKR at 3 hospitals in the southeast of Norway between November 2003 and October 2006. Data were collected by independent investigators preoperatively and at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively. KOOS and range of motion (ROM) were determined at all follow-ups. RESULTS: Mean KOOS values for pain and activities of daily living were improved already after 6 weeks, and increased between each time point up to 2 years postoperatively. However, no statistically significant improvements were seen after 6 months. Mean active and passive ROM gradually improved up to 2 years after UKR, and were then better than before surgery. INTERPRETATION: Most of the expected improvements in pain and function after UKR are achieved within 6 months of surgery. Only minimal improvement can be expected beyond this time.