An unusual phaeoid fungi: Ulocladium, as a cause of chronic allergic fungal sinusitis

Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) has been recognized as an important cause of chronic sinusitis commonly caused by Aspergillus spp. and various dematiaceous fungi like Bipolaris, Alternaria, Curvalaria, and etc. Ulocladium botrytis is a non pathogenic environmental dematiaceous fungi, which has been recently described as a human pathogen. Ulocladium has never been associated with allergic fungal sinusitis but it was identified as an etiological agent of AFS in a 35 year old immunocompetent female patient presenting with chronic nasal obstruction of several months duration to our hospital. The patient underwent FESS and the excised polyps revealed Ulocladium as the causative fungal agent.