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Global Transcriptome Analysis of Constitutive Resistance to the White Pine Weevil in Spruce
Constitutive defense mechanisms are critical to the understanding of defense mechanisms in conifers because they constitute the first barrier to attacks by insect pests. In interior spruce, trees that are putatively resistant and susceptible to attacks by white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi) typicall...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2011
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3296464/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852250 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evr069 |
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author | Verne, Sébastien Jaquish, Barry White, Rick Ritland, Carol Ritland, Kermit |
author_facet | Verne, Sébastien Jaquish, Barry White, Rick Ritland, Carol Ritland, Kermit |
author_sort | Verne, Sébastien |
collection | PubMed |
description | Constitutive defense mechanisms are critical to the understanding of defense mechanisms in conifers because they constitute the first barrier to attacks by insect pests. In interior spruce, trees that are putatively resistant and susceptible to attacks by white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi) typically exhibit constitutive differences in traits such as resin duct size and number, bark thickness, and terpene content. To improve our knowledge of their genetic basis, we compared globally the constitutive expression levels of 17,825 genes between 20 putatively resistant and 20 putatively susceptible interior spruce trees from the British Columbia tree improvement program. We identified 54 upregulated and 137 downregulated genes in resistant phenotypes, relative to susceptible phenotypes, with a maximum fold change of 2.24 and 3.91, respectively. We found a puzzling increase of resistance by downregulated genes, as one would think that “procuring armaments” is the best defense. Also, although terpenes and phenolic compounds play an important role in conifer defense, we found few of these genes to be differentially expressed. We found 15 putative small heat-shock proteins (sHSP) and several other stress-related proteins to be downregulated in resistant trees. Downregulated putative sHSP belong to several sHSP classes and represented 58% of all tested putative sHSP. These proteins are well known to be involved in plant response to various kinds of abiotic stress; however, their role in constitutive resistance is not yet understood. The lack of correspondence between transcriptome profile clusters and phenotype classifications suggests that weevil resistance in spruce is a complex trait. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3296464 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-32964642012-03-07 Global Transcriptome Analysis of Constitutive Resistance to the White Pine Weevil in Spruce Verne, Sébastien Jaquish, Barry White, Rick Ritland, Carol Ritland, Kermit Genome Biol Evol Research Articles Constitutive defense mechanisms are critical to the understanding of defense mechanisms in conifers because they constitute the first barrier to attacks by insect pests. In interior spruce, trees that are putatively resistant and susceptible to attacks by white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi) typically exhibit constitutive differences in traits such as resin duct size and number, bark thickness, and terpene content. To improve our knowledge of their genetic basis, we compared globally the constitutive expression levels of 17,825 genes between 20 putatively resistant and 20 putatively susceptible interior spruce trees from the British Columbia tree improvement program. We identified 54 upregulated and 137 downregulated genes in resistant phenotypes, relative to susceptible phenotypes, with a maximum fold change of 2.24 and 3.91, respectively. We found a puzzling increase of resistance by downregulated genes, as one would think that “procuring armaments” is the best defense. Also, although terpenes and phenolic compounds play an important role in conifer defense, we found few of these genes to be differentially expressed. We found 15 putative small heat-shock proteins (sHSP) and several other stress-related proteins to be downregulated in resistant trees. Downregulated putative sHSP belong to several sHSP classes and represented 58% of all tested putative sHSP. These proteins are well known to be involved in plant response to various kinds of abiotic stress; however, their role in constitutive resistance is not yet understood. The lack of correspondence between transcriptome profile clusters and phenotype classifications suggests that weevil resistance in spruce is a complex trait. Oxford University Press 2011-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC3296464/ /pubmed/21852250 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evr069 Text en Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution 2011. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Verne, Sébastien Jaquish, Barry White, Rick Ritland, Carol Ritland, Kermit Global Transcriptome Analysis of Constitutive Resistance to the White Pine Weevil in Spruce |
title | Global Transcriptome Analysis of Constitutive Resistance to the White Pine Weevil in Spruce |
title_full | Global Transcriptome Analysis of Constitutive Resistance to the White Pine Weevil in Spruce |
title_fullStr | Global Transcriptome Analysis of Constitutive Resistance to the White Pine Weevil in Spruce |
title_full_unstemmed | Global Transcriptome Analysis of Constitutive Resistance to the White Pine Weevil in Spruce |
title_short | Global Transcriptome Analysis of Constitutive Resistance to the White Pine Weevil in Spruce |
title_sort | global transcriptome analysis of constitutive resistance to the white pine weevil in spruce |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3296464/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852250 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evr069 |
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