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Central obesity and smoking are key modifiable risk factors for elevated C-reactive protein in Asian individuals who are not eligible for statin therapy

OBJECTIVE: Statin therapy reduces coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality in individuals with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) but low-density lipoprotein cholesterol below the threshold at which statin therapy is recommended. We determined the proportion of individuals with elevated CRP in whom...

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Autores principales: Khoo, C M, Tan, M, Wu, Y, Wai, C H, Subramaniam, T, Lee, J, Tai, E S
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3302134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23154530
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2011.4
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author Khoo, C M
Tan, M
Wu, Y
Wai, C H
Subramaniam, T
Lee, J
Tai, E S
author_facet Khoo, C M
Tan, M
Wu, Y
Wai, C H
Subramaniam, T
Lee, J
Tai, E S
author_sort Khoo, C M
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Statin therapy reduces coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality in individuals with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) but low-density lipoprotein cholesterol below the threshold at which statin therapy is recommended. We determined the proportion of individuals with elevated CRP in whom statin therapy was not indicated, and examined predictors for elevated CRP in a multi-ethnic Asian population. DESIGN: We studied 3404 participants (Chinese, Malays and Asian-Indians) without a history of hypercholesterolemia living in Singapore (mean age±s.d.: 48.9±11.2 years). Eligibility for statin therapy was determined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII)) guideline. CRP was measured by high-sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. CRP level greater than 2 mg l(−1) was considered as elevated. RESULTS: Elevated CRP was found in 29.3% participants who were not eligible for statin therapy (n=2974). Elevated CRP was more common in females and amongst those of Malay or Asian-Indian ethnicity. Compared with participants with low CRP, those with elevated CRP were shown to have higher levels of obesity, blood pressure, triglyceride and insulin resistance (IR), but lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (all Ps<0.001). After multivariate analysis, gender (odds ratio (OR) 3.34 for females), ethnicity (Malay OR 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25–1.96; Asian-Indian OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.55–2.50), waist circumference (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.05–1.07), smoking (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.08–2.05) and IR (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07–1.22) were significant predictors of CRP (all Ps--values<0.05). CONCLUSION: Routine measurement of CRP identifies a substantial number of Asian individuals at risk of CHD in whom statin therapy is not currently indicated, particularly in women and certain ethnic groups (Malays and Asian Indians). Weight loss and smoking cessation are important measures to reduce the proportion of individuals with elevated CRP.
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spelling pubmed-33021342012-03-16 Central obesity and smoking are key modifiable risk factors for elevated C-reactive protein in Asian individuals who are not eligible for statin therapy Khoo, C M Tan, M Wu, Y Wai, C H Subramaniam, T Lee, J Tai, E S Nutr Diabetes Original Article OBJECTIVE: Statin therapy reduces coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality in individuals with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) but low-density lipoprotein cholesterol below the threshold at which statin therapy is recommended. We determined the proportion of individuals with elevated CRP in whom statin therapy was not indicated, and examined predictors for elevated CRP in a multi-ethnic Asian population. DESIGN: We studied 3404 participants (Chinese, Malays and Asian-Indians) without a history of hypercholesterolemia living in Singapore (mean age±s.d.: 48.9±11.2 years). Eligibility for statin therapy was determined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII)) guideline. CRP was measured by high-sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. CRP level greater than 2 mg l(−1) was considered as elevated. RESULTS: Elevated CRP was found in 29.3% participants who were not eligible for statin therapy (n=2974). Elevated CRP was more common in females and amongst those of Malay or Asian-Indian ethnicity. Compared with participants with low CRP, those with elevated CRP were shown to have higher levels of obesity, blood pressure, triglyceride and insulin resistance (IR), but lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (all Ps<0.001). After multivariate analysis, gender (odds ratio (OR) 3.34 for females), ethnicity (Malay OR 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25–1.96; Asian-Indian OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.55–2.50), waist circumference (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.05–1.07), smoking (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.08–2.05) and IR (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07–1.22) were significant predictors of CRP (all Ps--values<0.05). CONCLUSION: Routine measurement of CRP identifies a substantial number of Asian individuals at risk of CHD in whom statin therapy is not currently indicated, particularly in women and certain ethnic groups (Malays and Asian Indians). Weight loss and smoking cessation are important measures to reduce the proportion of individuals with elevated CRP. Nature Publishing Group 2011-05 2011-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC3302134/ /pubmed/23154530 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2011.4 Text en Copyright © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
spellingShingle Original Article
Khoo, C M
Tan, M
Wu, Y
Wai, C H
Subramaniam, T
Lee, J
Tai, E S
Central obesity and smoking are key modifiable risk factors for elevated C-reactive protein in Asian individuals who are not eligible for statin therapy
title Central obesity and smoking are key modifiable risk factors for elevated C-reactive protein in Asian individuals who are not eligible for statin therapy
title_full Central obesity and smoking are key modifiable risk factors for elevated C-reactive protein in Asian individuals who are not eligible for statin therapy
title_fullStr Central obesity and smoking are key modifiable risk factors for elevated C-reactive protein in Asian individuals who are not eligible for statin therapy
title_full_unstemmed Central obesity and smoking are key modifiable risk factors for elevated C-reactive protein in Asian individuals who are not eligible for statin therapy
title_short Central obesity and smoking are key modifiable risk factors for elevated C-reactive protein in Asian individuals who are not eligible for statin therapy
title_sort central obesity and smoking are key modifiable risk factors for elevated c-reactive protein in asian individuals who are not eligible for statin therapy
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3302134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23154530
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2011.4
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