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GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy
GABAergic inhibition is an important regulator of excitability in neuronal networks. In addition, inhibitory synaptic signals contribute crucially to the organization of spatiotemporal patterns of network activity, especially during coherent oscillations. In order to maintain stable network states,...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3316990/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22530158 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/805830 |
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author | Roth, Fabian C. Draguhn, Andreas |
author_facet | Roth, Fabian C. Draguhn, Andreas |
author_sort | Roth, Fabian C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | GABAergic inhibition is an important regulator of excitability in neuronal networks. In addition, inhibitory synaptic signals contribute crucially to the organization of spatiotemporal patterns of network activity, especially during coherent oscillations. In order to maintain stable network states, the release of GABA by interneurons must be plastic in timing and amount. This homeostatic regulation is achieved by several pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms and is triggered by various activity-dependent local signals such as excitatory input or ambient levels of neurotransmitters. Here, we review findings on the availability of GABA for release at presynaptic terminals of interneurons. Presynaptic GABA content seems to be an important determinant of inhibitory efficacy and can be differentially regulated by changing synthesis, transport, and degradation of GABA or related molecules. We will discuss the functional impact of such regulations on neuronal network patterns and, finally, point towards pharmacological approaches targeting these processes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3316990 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33169902012-04-23 GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy Roth, Fabian C. Draguhn, Andreas Neural Plast Review Article GABAergic inhibition is an important regulator of excitability in neuronal networks. In addition, inhibitory synaptic signals contribute crucially to the organization of spatiotemporal patterns of network activity, especially during coherent oscillations. In order to maintain stable network states, the release of GABA by interneurons must be plastic in timing and amount. This homeostatic regulation is achieved by several pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms and is triggered by various activity-dependent local signals such as excitatory input or ambient levels of neurotransmitters. Here, we review findings on the availability of GABA for release at presynaptic terminals of interneurons. Presynaptic GABA content seems to be an important determinant of inhibitory efficacy and can be differentially regulated by changing synthesis, transport, and degradation of GABA or related molecules. We will discuss the functional impact of such regulations on neuronal network patterns and, finally, point towards pharmacological approaches targeting these processes. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC3316990/ /pubmed/22530158 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/805830 Text en Copyright © 2012 F. C. Roth and A. Draguhn. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Roth, Fabian C. Draguhn, Andreas GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
title | GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
title_full | GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
title_fullStr | GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
title_full_unstemmed | GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
title_short | GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy |
title_sort | gaba metabolism and transport: effects on synaptic efficacy |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3316990/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22530158 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/805830 |
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