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GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy

GABAergic inhibition is an important regulator of excitability in neuronal networks. In addition, inhibitory synaptic signals contribute crucially to the organization of spatiotemporal patterns of network activity, especially during coherent oscillations. In order to maintain stable network states,...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Roth, Fabian C., Draguhn, Andreas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3316990/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22530158
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/805830
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author Roth, Fabian C.
Draguhn, Andreas
author_facet Roth, Fabian C.
Draguhn, Andreas
author_sort Roth, Fabian C.
collection PubMed
description GABAergic inhibition is an important regulator of excitability in neuronal networks. In addition, inhibitory synaptic signals contribute crucially to the organization of spatiotemporal patterns of network activity, especially during coherent oscillations. In order to maintain stable network states, the release of GABA by interneurons must be plastic in timing and amount. This homeostatic regulation is achieved by several pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms and is triggered by various activity-dependent local signals such as excitatory input or ambient levels of neurotransmitters. Here, we review findings on the availability of GABA for release at presynaptic terminals of interneurons. Presynaptic GABA content seems to be an important determinant of inhibitory efficacy and can be differentially regulated by changing synthesis, transport, and degradation of GABA or related molecules. We will discuss the functional impact of such regulations on neuronal network patterns and, finally, point towards pharmacological approaches targeting these processes.
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spelling pubmed-33169902012-04-23 GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy Roth, Fabian C. Draguhn, Andreas Neural Plast Review Article GABAergic inhibition is an important regulator of excitability in neuronal networks. In addition, inhibitory synaptic signals contribute crucially to the organization of spatiotemporal patterns of network activity, especially during coherent oscillations. In order to maintain stable network states, the release of GABA by interneurons must be plastic in timing and amount. This homeostatic regulation is achieved by several pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms and is triggered by various activity-dependent local signals such as excitatory input or ambient levels of neurotransmitters. Here, we review findings on the availability of GABA for release at presynaptic terminals of interneurons. Presynaptic GABA content seems to be an important determinant of inhibitory efficacy and can be differentially regulated by changing synthesis, transport, and degradation of GABA or related molecules. We will discuss the functional impact of such regulations on neuronal network patterns and, finally, point towards pharmacological approaches targeting these processes. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC3316990/ /pubmed/22530158 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/805830 Text en Copyright © 2012 F. C. Roth and A. Draguhn. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Roth, Fabian C.
Draguhn, Andreas
GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy
title GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy
title_full GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy
title_fullStr GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy
title_full_unstemmed GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy
title_short GABA Metabolism and Transport: Effects on Synaptic Efficacy
title_sort gaba metabolism and transport: effects on synaptic efficacy
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3316990/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22530158
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/805830
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