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Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Inadequacy among Women of Childbearing Age in the United States
Objective. To examine the prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy among US women of childbearing age. Methods. Data from 1,814 female participants (20–44 y) in the 2003–2006 NHANES were analyzed to estimate the age-adjusted prevalence and prevalence ratios with 95% confidenc...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
International Scholarly Research Network
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3317014/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22523695 http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/691486 |
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author | Zhao, Guixiang Ford, Earl S. Tsai, James Li, Chaoyang Croft, Janet B. |
author_facet | Zhao, Guixiang Ford, Earl S. Tsai, James Li, Chaoyang Croft, Janet B. |
author_sort | Zhao, Guixiang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Objective. To examine the prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy among US women of childbearing age. Methods. Data from 1,814 female participants (20–44 y) in the 2003–2006 NHANES were analyzed to estimate the age-adjusted prevalence and prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for vitamin D deficiency (defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] <12.0 ng/mL) and inadequacy (defined as 25(OH)D: 12.0–<20.0 ng/mL). Results. The age-adjusted prevalence was 11.1% (95% CI: 8.8–14.0%) for vitamin D deficiency and 25.7% (95% CI: 22.3–29.5%) for vitamin D inadequacy. Race/ethnicity other than non-Hispanic white and obesity were associated with increased risks, whereas dietary supplement use, milk consumption of ≥1 time/day, and potential sunlight exposure during May-October were associated with decreased risks for both vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy (P < 0.05). Current smoking and having histories of diabetes and cardiovascular disease were also associated with an increased risk for vitamin D deficiency (P < 0.05). Conclusions. Among women of childbearing age, periconceptional intervention programs may focus on multiple risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy to ultimately improve their vitamin D nutrition. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3317014 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | International Scholarly Research Network |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33170142012-04-20 Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Inadequacy among Women of Childbearing Age in the United States Zhao, Guixiang Ford, Earl S. Tsai, James Li, Chaoyang Croft, Janet B. ISRN Obstet Gynecol Research Article Objective. To examine the prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy among US women of childbearing age. Methods. Data from 1,814 female participants (20–44 y) in the 2003–2006 NHANES were analyzed to estimate the age-adjusted prevalence and prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for vitamin D deficiency (defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] <12.0 ng/mL) and inadequacy (defined as 25(OH)D: 12.0–<20.0 ng/mL). Results. The age-adjusted prevalence was 11.1% (95% CI: 8.8–14.0%) for vitamin D deficiency and 25.7% (95% CI: 22.3–29.5%) for vitamin D inadequacy. Race/ethnicity other than non-Hispanic white and obesity were associated with increased risks, whereas dietary supplement use, milk consumption of ≥1 time/day, and potential sunlight exposure during May-October were associated with decreased risks for both vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy (P < 0.05). Current smoking and having histories of diabetes and cardiovascular disease were also associated with an increased risk for vitamin D deficiency (P < 0.05). Conclusions. Among women of childbearing age, periconceptional intervention programs may focus on multiple risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy to ultimately improve their vitamin D nutrition. International Scholarly Research Network 2012-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC3317014/ /pubmed/22523695 http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/691486 Text en Copyright © 2012 Guixiang Zhao et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Zhao, Guixiang Ford, Earl S. Tsai, James Li, Chaoyang Croft, Janet B. Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Inadequacy among Women of Childbearing Age in the United States |
title | Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Inadequacy among Women of Childbearing Age in the United States |
title_full | Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Inadequacy among Women of Childbearing Age in the United States |
title_fullStr | Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Inadequacy among Women of Childbearing Age in the United States |
title_full_unstemmed | Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Inadequacy among Women of Childbearing Age in the United States |
title_short | Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Inadequacy among Women of Childbearing Age in the United States |
title_sort | factors associated with vitamin d deficiency and inadequacy among women of childbearing age in the united states |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3317014/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22523695 http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/691486 |
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