Cargando…

Dengue, Urbanization and Globalization: The Unholy Trinity of the 21(st) Century

Dengue is the most important arboviral disease of humans with over half of the world’s population living in areas of risk. The frequency and magnitude of epidemic dengue have increased dramatically in the past 40 years as the viruses and the mosquito vectors have both expanded geographically in the...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Gubler, Duane J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Japanese Society of Tropical Medicine 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3317603/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22500131
http://dx.doi.org/10.2149/tmh.2011-S05
_version_ 1782228580267196416
author Gubler, Duane J.
author_facet Gubler, Duane J.
author_sort Gubler, Duane J.
collection PubMed
description Dengue is the most important arboviral disease of humans with over half of the world’s population living in areas of risk. The frequency and magnitude of epidemic dengue have increased dramatically in the past 40 years as the viruses and the mosquito vectors have both expanded geographically in the tropical regions of the world. There are many factors that have contributed to this emergence of epidemic dengue, but only three have been the principal drivers: 1) urbanization, 2) globalization and 3) lack of effective mosquito control. The dengue viruses have fully adapted to a human-Aedes aegypti-human transmission cycle, in the large urban centers of the tropics, where crowded human populations live in intimate association with equally large mosquito populations. This setting provides the ideal home for maintenance of the viruses and the periodic generation of epidemic strains. These cities all have modern airports through which 10s of millions of passengers pass each year, providing the ideal mechanism for transportation of viruses to new cities, regions and continents where there is little or no effective mosquito control. The result is epidemic dengue. This paper discusses this unholy trinity of drivers, along with disease burden, prevention and control and prospects for the future.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3317603
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2011
publisher The Japanese Society of Tropical Medicine
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-33176032012-04-12 Dengue, Urbanization and Globalization: The Unholy Trinity of the 21(st) Century Gubler, Duane J. Trop Med Health Review Dengue is the most important arboviral disease of humans with over half of the world’s population living in areas of risk. The frequency and magnitude of epidemic dengue have increased dramatically in the past 40 years as the viruses and the mosquito vectors have both expanded geographically in the tropical regions of the world. There are many factors that have contributed to this emergence of epidemic dengue, but only three have been the principal drivers: 1) urbanization, 2) globalization and 3) lack of effective mosquito control. The dengue viruses have fully adapted to a human-Aedes aegypti-human transmission cycle, in the large urban centers of the tropics, where crowded human populations live in intimate association with equally large mosquito populations. This setting provides the ideal home for maintenance of the viruses and the periodic generation of epidemic strains. These cities all have modern airports through which 10s of millions of passengers pass each year, providing the ideal mechanism for transportation of viruses to new cities, regions and continents where there is little or no effective mosquito control. The result is epidemic dengue. This paper discusses this unholy trinity of drivers, along with disease burden, prevention and control and prospects for the future. The Japanese Society of Tropical Medicine 2011-12 2011-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3317603/ /pubmed/22500131 http://dx.doi.org/10.2149/tmh.2011-S05 Text en © 2011 Japanese Society of Tropical Medicine This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Gubler, Duane J.
Dengue, Urbanization and Globalization: The Unholy Trinity of the 21(st) Century
title Dengue, Urbanization and Globalization: The Unholy Trinity of the 21(st) Century
title_full Dengue, Urbanization and Globalization: The Unholy Trinity of the 21(st) Century
title_fullStr Dengue, Urbanization and Globalization: The Unholy Trinity of the 21(st) Century
title_full_unstemmed Dengue, Urbanization and Globalization: The Unholy Trinity of the 21(st) Century
title_short Dengue, Urbanization and Globalization: The Unholy Trinity of the 21(st) Century
title_sort dengue, urbanization and globalization: the unholy trinity of the 21(st) century
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3317603/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22500131
http://dx.doi.org/10.2149/tmh.2011-S05
work_keys_str_mv AT gublerduanej dengueurbanizationandglobalizationtheunholytrinityofthe21stcentury