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Regulation of Mat Responses by a Differentiation MAPK Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Fungal species exhibit diverse behaviors when presented with extracellular challenges. Pathogenic fungi can undergo cell differentiation and biofilm formation in response to fluctuating nutrient levels, and these responses are required for virulence. In the model fungal eukaryote Saccharomyces cerev...

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Autores principales: Karunanithi, Sheelarani, Joshi, Jyoti, Chavel, Colin, Birkaya, Barbara, Grell, Laura, Cullen, Paul J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3319557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22496730
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032294
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author Karunanithi, Sheelarani
Joshi, Jyoti
Chavel, Colin
Birkaya, Barbara
Grell, Laura
Cullen, Paul J.
author_facet Karunanithi, Sheelarani
Joshi, Jyoti
Chavel, Colin
Birkaya, Barbara
Grell, Laura
Cullen, Paul J.
author_sort Karunanithi, Sheelarani
collection PubMed
description Fungal species exhibit diverse behaviors when presented with extracellular challenges. Pathogenic fungi can undergo cell differentiation and biofilm formation in response to fluctuating nutrient levels, and these responses are required for virulence. In the model fungal eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae, nutrient limitation induces filamentous growth and biofilm/mat formation. Both responses require the same signal transduction (MAPK) pathway and the same cell adhesion molecule (Flo11) but have been studied under different conditions. We found that filamentous growth and mat formation are aspects of a related response that is regulated by the MAPK pathway. Cells in yeast-form mats differentiated into pseudohyphae in response to nutrient limitation. The MAPK pathway regulated mat expansion (in the plane of the XY-axis) and substrate invasion (downward in the plane of the Z-axis), which optimized the mat's response to extracellular nutrient levels. The MAPK pathway also regulated an upward growth pattern (in the plane of the Z-axis) in response to nutrient limitation and changes in surface rigidity. Upward growth allowed for another level of mat responsiveness and resembled a type of colonial chemorepulsion. Together our results show that signaling pathways play critical roles in regulating social behaviors in which fungal cells participate. Signaling pathways may regulate similar processes in pathogens, whose highly nuanced responses are required for virulence.
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spelling pubmed-33195572012-04-11 Regulation of Mat Responses by a Differentiation MAPK Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Karunanithi, Sheelarani Joshi, Jyoti Chavel, Colin Birkaya, Barbara Grell, Laura Cullen, Paul J. PLoS One Research Article Fungal species exhibit diverse behaviors when presented with extracellular challenges. Pathogenic fungi can undergo cell differentiation and biofilm formation in response to fluctuating nutrient levels, and these responses are required for virulence. In the model fungal eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae, nutrient limitation induces filamentous growth and biofilm/mat formation. Both responses require the same signal transduction (MAPK) pathway and the same cell adhesion molecule (Flo11) but have been studied under different conditions. We found that filamentous growth and mat formation are aspects of a related response that is regulated by the MAPK pathway. Cells in yeast-form mats differentiated into pseudohyphae in response to nutrient limitation. The MAPK pathway regulated mat expansion (in the plane of the XY-axis) and substrate invasion (downward in the plane of the Z-axis), which optimized the mat's response to extracellular nutrient levels. The MAPK pathway also regulated an upward growth pattern (in the plane of the Z-axis) in response to nutrient limitation and changes in surface rigidity. Upward growth allowed for another level of mat responsiveness and resembled a type of colonial chemorepulsion. Together our results show that signaling pathways play critical roles in regulating social behaviors in which fungal cells participate. Signaling pathways may regulate similar processes in pathogens, whose highly nuanced responses are required for virulence. Public Library of Science 2012-04-04 /pmc/articles/PMC3319557/ /pubmed/22496730 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032294 Text en Karunanithi et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Karunanithi, Sheelarani
Joshi, Jyoti
Chavel, Colin
Birkaya, Barbara
Grell, Laura
Cullen, Paul J.
Regulation of Mat Responses by a Differentiation MAPK Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title Regulation of Mat Responses by a Differentiation MAPK Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_full Regulation of Mat Responses by a Differentiation MAPK Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_fullStr Regulation of Mat Responses by a Differentiation MAPK Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_full_unstemmed Regulation of Mat Responses by a Differentiation MAPK Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_short Regulation of Mat Responses by a Differentiation MAPK Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_sort regulation of mat responses by a differentiation mapk pathway in saccharomyces cerevisiae
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3319557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22496730
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032294
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