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Renin-Angiotensin System Hyperactivation Can Induce Inflammation and Retinal Neural Dysfunction

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a hormone system that has been classically known as a blood pressure regulator but is becoming well recognized as a proinflammatory mediator. In many diverse tissues, RAS pathway elements are also produced intrinsically, making it possible for tissues to respond...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kurihara, Toshihide, Ozawa, Yoko, Ishida, Susumu, Okano, Hideyuki, Tsubota, Kazuo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22536545
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/581695
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author Kurihara, Toshihide
Ozawa, Yoko
Ishida, Susumu
Okano, Hideyuki
Tsubota, Kazuo
author_facet Kurihara, Toshihide
Ozawa, Yoko
Ishida, Susumu
Okano, Hideyuki
Tsubota, Kazuo
author_sort Kurihara, Toshihide
collection PubMed
description The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a hormone system that has been classically known as a blood pressure regulator but is becoming well recognized as a proinflammatory mediator. In many diverse tissues, RAS pathway elements are also produced intrinsically, making it possible for tissues to respond more dynamically to systemic or local cues. While RAS is important for controlling normal inflammatory responses, hyperactivation of the pathway can cause neural dysfunction by inducing accelerated degradation of some neuronal proteins such as synaptophysin and by activating pathological glial responses. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are risk factors for high incidence vision-threatening diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and glaucoma. In fact, increasing evidence suggests that RAS inhibition may actually prevent progression of various ocular diseases including uveitis, DR, AMD, and glaucoma. Therefore, RAS inhibition may be a promising therapeutic approach to fine-tune inflammatory responses and to prevent or treat certain ocular and neurodegenerative diseases.
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spelling pubmed-33213032012-04-25 Renin-Angiotensin System Hyperactivation Can Induce Inflammation and Retinal Neural Dysfunction Kurihara, Toshihide Ozawa, Yoko Ishida, Susumu Okano, Hideyuki Tsubota, Kazuo Int J Inflam Review Article The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a hormone system that has been classically known as a blood pressure regulator but is becoming well recognized as a proinflammatory mediator. In many diverse tissues, RAS pathway elements are also produced intrinsically, making it possible for tissues to respond more dynamically to systemic or local cues. While RAS is important for controlling normal inflammatory responses, hyperactivation of the pathway can cause neural dysfunction by inducing accelerated degradation of some neuronal proteins such as synaptophysin and by activating pathological glial responses. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are risk factors for high incidence vision-threatening diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and glaucoma. In fact, increasing evidence suggests that RAS inhibition may actually prevent progression of various ocular diseases including uveitis, DR, AMD, and glaucoma. Therefore, RAS inhibition may be a promising therapeutic approach to fine-tune inflammatory responses and to prevent or treat certain ocular and neurodegenerative diseases. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-03-22 /pmc/articles/PMC3321303/ /pubmed/22536545 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/581695 Text en Copyright © 2012 Toshihide Kurihara et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Kurihara, Toshihide
Ozawa, Yoko
Ishida, Susumu
Okano, Hideyuki
Tsubota, Kazuo
Renin-Angiotensin System Hyperactivation Can Induce Inflammation and Retinal Neural Dysfunction
title Renin-Angiotensin System Hyperactivation Can Induce Inflammation and Retinal Neural Dysfunction
title_full Renin-Angiotensin System Hyperactivation Can Induce Inflammation and Retinal Neural Dysfunction
title_fullStr Renin-Angiotensin System Hyperactivation Can Induce Inflammation and Retinal Neural Dysfunction
title_full_unstemmed Renin-Angiotensin System Hyperactivation Can Induce Inflammation and Retinal Neural Dysfunction
title_short Renin-Angiotensin System Hyperactivation Can Induce Inflammation and Retinal Neural Dysfunction
title_sort renin-angiotensin system hyperactivation can induce inflammation and retinal neural dysfunction
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22536545
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/581695
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