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Effects of Combined Opioids on Pain and Mood in Mammals
The authors review the opioid literature for evidence of increased analgesia and reduced adverse side effects by combining mu-opioid-receptor (MOR) agonists, kappa-opioid-receptor (KOR) agonists, and nonselective low-dose-opioid antagonists (LD-Ant). We tested fentanyl (MOR agonist) and spiradoline...
| Autores principales: | , , |
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| Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
| Lenguaje: | English |
| Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2012
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3324919/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22550575 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/145965 |