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Magnetorelaxometry Assisting Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles

Due to their biocompatibility and small size, iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) can be guided to virtually every biological environment. MNP are susceptible to external magnetic fields and can thus be used for transport of drugs and genes, for heat generation in magnetic hyperthermia or for co...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wiekhorst, Frank, Steinhoff, Uwe, Eberbeck, Dietmar, Trahms, Lutz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3332344/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22161287
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-011-0630-3
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author Wiekhorst, Frank
Steinhoff, Uwe
Eberbeck, Dietmar
Trahms, Lutz
author_facet Wiekhorst, Frank
Steinhoff, Uwe
Eberbeck, Dietmar
Trahms, Lutz
author_sort Wiekhorst, Frank
collection PubMed
description Due to their biocompatibility and small size, iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) can be guided to virtually every biological environment. MNP are susceptible to external magnetic fields and can thus be used for transport of drugs and genes, for heat generation in magnetic hyperthermia or for contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging of biological tissue. At the same time, their magnetic properties allow one to develop sensitive and specific measurement methods to non-invasively detect MNP, to quantify MNP distribution in tissue and to determine their binding state. In this article, we review the application of magnetorelaxometry (MRX) for MNP detection. The underlying physical properties of MNP responsible for the generation of the MRX signal with its characteristic parameters of relaxation amplitude and relaxation time are described. Existing single and multi-channel MRX devices are reviewed. Finally, we thoroughly describe some applications of MRX to cellular MNP quantification, MNP organ distribution and MNP-based binding assays. Providing specific MNP signals, a detection limit down to a few nanogram MNP, in-vivo capability in conscious animals and measurement times of a few seconds, MRX is a valuable tool to improve the application of MNP for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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spelling pubmed-33323442012-05-14 Magnetorelaxometry Assisting Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles Wiekhorst, Frank Steinhoff, Uwe Eberbeck, Dietmar Trahms, Lutz Pharm Res Perspective Due to their biocompatibility and small size, iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) can be guided to virtually every biological environment. MNP are susceptible to external magnetic fields and can thus be used for transport of drugs and genes, for heat generation in magnetic hyperthermia or for contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging of biological tissue. At the same time, their magnetic properties allow one to develop sensitive and specific measurement methods to non-invasively detect MNP, to quantify MNP distribution in tissue and to determine their binding state. In this article, we review the application of magnetorelaxometry (MRX) for MNP detection. The underlying physical properties of MNP responsible for the generation of the MRX signal with its characteristic parameters of relaxation amplitude and relaxation time are described. Existing single and multi-channel MRX devices are reviewed. Finally, we thoroughly describe some applications of MRX to cellular MNP quantification, MNP organ distribution and MNP-based binding assays. Providing specific MNP signals, a detection limit down to a few nanogram MNP, in-vivo capability in conscious animals and measurement times of a few seconds, MRX is a valuable tool to improve the application of MNP for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Springer US 2011-12-08 2012 /pmc/articles/PMC3332344/ /pubmed/22161287 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-011-0630-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
spellingShingle Perspective
Wiekhorst, Frank
Steinhoff, Uwe
Eberbeck, Dietmar
Trahms, Lutz
Magnetorelaxometry Assisting Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
title Magnetorelaxometry Assisting Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
title_full Magnetorelaxometry Assisting Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
title_fullStr Magnetorelaxometry Assisting Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed Magnetorelaxometry Assisting Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
title_short Magnetorelaxometry Assisting Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
title_sort magnetorelaxometry assisting biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles
topic Perspective
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3332344/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22161287
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-011-0630-3
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