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Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of wine yeasts used for acidic musts

The aim of this study was to examine the physiological and genetic stability of the industrial wine yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum under acidic stress during fermentation. The yeasts were sub-cultured in aerobic or fermentative conditions in media with or witho...

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Autores principales: Kunicka-Styczyńska, Alina, Rajkowska, Katarzyna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3332385/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22593628
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-011-0994-x
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author Kunicka-Styczyńska, Alina
Rajkowska, Katarzyna
author_facet Kunicka-Styczyńska, Alina
Rajkowska, Katarzyna
author_sort Kunicka-Styczyńska, Alina
collection PubMed
description The aim of this study was to examine the physiological and genetic stability of the industrial wine yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum under acidic stress during fermentation. The yeasts were sub-cultured in aerobic or fermentative conditions in media with or without l-malic acid. Changes in the biochemical profiles, karyotypes, and mitochondrial DNA profiles were assessed after minimum 50 generations. All yeast segregates showed a tendency to increase the range of compounds used as sole carbon sources. The wild strains and their segregates were aneuploidal or diploidal. One of the four strains of S. cerevisiae did not reveal any changes in the electrophoretic profiles of chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA, irrespective of culture conditions. The extent of genomic changes in the other yeasts was strain-dependent. In the karyotypes of the segregates, the loss of up to 2 and the appearance up to 3 bands was noted. The changes in their mtDNA patterns were much broader, reaching 5 missing and 10 additional bands. The only exception was S. bayanus var. uvarum Y.00779, characterized by significantly greater genome plasticity only under fermentative stress. Changes in karyotypes and mtDNA profiles prove that fermentative stress is the main driving force of the adaptive evolution of the yeasts. l-malic acid does not influence the extent of genomic changes and the resistance of wine yeasts exhibiting increased demalication activity to acidic stress is rather related to their ability to decompose this acid. The phenotypic changes in segregates, which were found even in yeasts that did not reveal deviations in their DNA profiles, show that phenotypic characterization may be misleading in wine yeast identification. Because of yeast gross genomic diversity, karyotyping even though it does not seem to be a good discriminative tool, can be useful in determining the stability of wine yeasts. Restriction analysis of mitochondrial DNA appears to be a more sensitive method allowing for an early detection of genotypic changes in yeasts. Thus, if both of these methods are applied, it is possible to conduct the quick routine assessment of wine yeast stability in pure culture collections depositing industrial strains.
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spelling pubmed-33323852012-05-14 Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of wine yeasts used for acidic musts Kunicka-Styczyńska, Alina Rajkowska, Katarzyna World J Microbiol Biotechnol Original Paper The aim of this study was to examine the physiological and genetic stability of the industrial wine yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus var. uvarum under acidic stress during fermentation. The yeasts were sub-cultured in aerobic or fermentative conditions in media with or without l-malic acid. Changes in the biochemical profiles, karyotypes, and mitochondrial DNA profiles were assessed after minimum 50 generations. All yeast segregates showed a tendency to increase the range of compounds used as sole carbon sources. The wild strains and their segregates were aneuploidal or diploidal. One of the four strains of S. cerevisiae did not reveal any changes in the electrophoretic profiles of chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA, irrespective of culture conditions. The extent of genomic changes in the other yeasts was strain-dependent. In the karyotypes of the segregates, the loss of up to 2 and the appearance up to 3 bands was noted. The changes in their mtDNA patterns were much broader, reaching 5 missing and 10 additional bands. The only exception was S. bayanus var. uvarum Y.00779, characterized by significantly greater genome plasticity only under fermentative stress. Changes in karyotypes and mtDNA profiles prove that fermentative stress is the main driving force of the adaptive evolution of the yeasts. l-malic acid does not influence the extent of genomic changes and the resistance of wine yeasts exhibiting increased demalication activity to acidic stress is rather related to their ability to decompose this acid. The phenotypic changes in segregates, which were found even in yeasts that did not reveal deviations in their DNA profiles, show that phenotypic characterization may be misleading in wine yeast identification. Because of yeast gross genomic diversity, karyotyping even though it does not seem to be a good discriminative tool, can be useful in determining the stability of wine yeasts. Restriction analysis of mitochondrial DNA appears to be a more sensitive method allowing for an early detection of genotypic changes in yeasts. Thus, if both of these methods are applied, it is possible to conduct the quick routine assessment of wine yeast stability in pure culture collections depositing industrial strains. Springer Netherlands 2012-01-03 2012 /pmc/articles/PMC3332385/ /pubmed/22593628 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-011-0994-x Text en © The Author(s) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Kunicka-Styczyńska, Alina
Rajkowska, Katarzyna
Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of wine yeasts used for acidic musts
title Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of wine yeasts used for acidic musts
title_full Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of wine yeasts used for acidic musts
title_fullStr Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of wine yeasts used for acidic musts
title_full_unstemmed Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of wine yeasts used for acidic musts
title_short Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of wine yeasts used for acidic musts
title_sort phenotypic and genotypic diversity of wine yeasts used for acidic musts
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3332385/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22593628
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-011-0994-x
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