Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory activity and toxicity studies of Chloroxylon sweitenia in Rats

The extract of Chloroxylon sweitenia (Family: Rutaceae) leaves were investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity at the different doses in the standard animal models. The experimental paradigms used were carrageenan induced rat paw oedema (acute), and cotton pellet induced granuloma (chronic) models in rats for anti-inflammatory activity. In rats the toxicity was also performed for the extract by oral administration. The chloroform extract of Chloroxylon sweitenia (CECS) exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effect at the dose 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. Maximum inhibition (55.32 %) was noted at the dose of 200 mg/kg after 3 h of drug treatment in carrageenan induced paw oedema, whereas the Diclofenac (standard drug) produced 61.33 % of inhibition. In the chronic model (cotton pellet induced granuloma) the CECS (200 mg/kg) and standard drug showed decreased formation of granuloma tissue by 52.32 % and 56.32 % (p < 0.001) respectively. The CECS further evaluated for their toxicity effect at the doses of 100 mg/kg administered for 14 days to orally in rats. At the end of experiments the blood, liver function and kidney metabolism was observed. The effect of CECS was assessed by the change in the body weight, lipid peroxidation and glutathione content (GSH) activities were measured from hepatic tissues. The hematological profile and different biochemical parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, and ALP were also estimated. Thus, the present study revealed that the chloroform extract of Chloroxylon sweitenia exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in the tested models Toxicity study indicates that the extract is non-toxic at the tested doses.