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Trends in the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections in Spain
BACKGROUND: Although most HTLV infections in Spain have been found in native intravenous drug users carrying HTLV-2, the large immigration flows from Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa in recent years may have changed the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections, and hypothetica...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3337814/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22444832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-9-71 |
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author | Treviño, Ana Aguilera, Antonio Caballero, Estrella Benito, Rafael Parra, Patricia Eiros, Jose M Hernandez, Araceli Calderón, Enrique Rodríguez, Manuel Torres, Alvaro García, Juan Ramos, Jose Manuel Roc, Lourdes Marcaida, Goitzane Rodríguez, Carmen Trigo, Matilde Gomez, Cesar de Lejarazu, Raul Ortíz de Mendoza, Carmen Soriano, Vincent |
author_facet | Treviño, Ana Aguilera, Antonio Caballero, Estrella Benito, Rafael Parra, Patricia Eiros, Jose M Hernandez, Araceli Calderón, Enrique Rodríguez, Manuel Torres, Alvaro García, Juan Ramos, Jose Manuel Roc, Lourdes Marcaida, Goitzane Rodríguez, Carmen Trigo, Matilde Gomez, Cesar de Lejarazu, Raul Ortíz de Mendoza, Carmen Soriano, Vincent |
author_sort | Treviño, Ana |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Although most HTLV infections in Spain have been found in native intravenous drug users carrying HTLV-2, the large immigration flows from Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa in recent years may have changed the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections, and hypothetically open the opportunity for introducing HTLV-3 or HTLV-4 in Spain. To assess the current seroprevalence of HTLV infection in Spain a national multicenter, cross-sectional, study was conducted in June 2009. RESULTS: A total of 6,460 consecutive outpatients attending 16 hospitals were examined. Overall, 12% were immigrants, and their main origin was Latin America (4.9%), Africa (3.6%) and other European countries (2.8%). Nine individuals were seroreactive for HTLV antibodies (overall prevalence, 0.14%). Evidence of HTLV-1 infection was confirmed by Western blot in 4 subjects (prevalence 0.06%) while HTLV-2 infection was found in 5 (prevalence 0.08%). Infection with HTLV types 1, 2, 3 and 4 was discarded by Western blot and specific PCR assays in another two specimens initially reactive in the enzyme immunoassay. All but one HTLV-1 cases were Latin-Americans while all persons with HTLV-2 infection were native Spaniards. CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of HTLV infections in Spain remains low, with no evidence of HTLV-3 or HTLV-4 infections so far. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3337814 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33378142012-04-27 Trends in the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections in Spain Treviño, Ana Aguilera, Antonio Caballero, Estrella Benito, Rafael Parra, Patricia Eiros, Jose M Hernandez, Araceli Calderón, Enrique Rodríguez, Manuel Torres, Alvaro García, Juan Ramos, Jose Manuel Roc, Lourdes Marcaida, Goitzane Rodríguez, Carmen Trigo, Matilde Gomez, Cesar de Lejarazu, Raul Ortíz de Mendoza, Carmen Soriano, Vincent Virol J Research BACKGROUND: Although most HTLV infections in Spain have been found in native intravenous drug users carrying HTLV-2, the large immigration flows from Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa in recent years may have changed the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections, and hypothetically open the opportunity for introducing HTLV-3 or HTLV-4 in Spain. To assess the current seroprevalence of HTLV infection in Spain a national multicenter, cross-sectional, study was conducted in June 2009. RESULTS: A total of 6,460 consecutive outpatients attending 16 hospitals were examined. Overall, 12% were immigrants, and their main origin was Latin America (4.9%), Africa (3.6%) and other European countries (2.8%). Nine individuals were seroreactive for HTLV antibodies (overall prevalence, 0.14%). Evidence of HTLV-1 infection was confirmed by Western blot in 4 subjects (prevalence 0.06%) while HTLV-2 infection was found in 5 (prevalence 0.08%). Infection with HTLV types 1, 2, 3 and 4 was discarded by Western blot and specific PCR assays in another two specimens initially reactive in the enzyme immunoassay. All but one HTLV-1 cases were Latin-Americans while all persons with HTLV-2 infection were native Spaniards. CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of HTLV infections in Spain remains low, with no evidence of HTLV-3 or HTLV-4 infections so far. BioMed Central 2012-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC3337814/ /pubmed/22444832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-9-71 Text en Copyright ©2012 Treviño et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Treviño, Ana Aguilera, Antonio Caballero, Estrella Benito, Rafael Parra, Patricia Eiros, Jose M Hernandez, Araceli Calderón, Enrique Rodríguez, Manuel Torres, Alvaro García, Juan Ramos, Jose Manuel Roc, Lourdes Marcaida, Goitzane Rodríguez, Carmen Trigo, Matilde Gomez, Cesar de Lejarazu, Raul Ortíz de Mendoza, Carmen Soriano, Vincent Trends in the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections in Spain |
title | Trends in the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections in Spain |
title_full | Trends in the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections in Spain |
title_fullStr | Trends in the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections in Spain |
title_full_unstemmed | Trends in the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections in Spain |
title_short | Trends in the prevalence and distribution of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections in Spain |
title_sort | trends in the prevalence and distribution of htlv-1 and htlv-2 infections in spain |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3337814/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22444832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-9-71 |
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