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The WHO classification of pulmonary hypertension: A case-based imaging compendium

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is defined as a resting mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 25 mmHg. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies PH into five categories. The WHO nomenclature assumes shared histology and pathophysiology within categories and implies category-specific treatment...

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Autores principales: Ryan, John J., Thenappan, Thenappan, Luo, Nancy, Ha, Thanh, Patel, Amit R., Rich, Stuart, Archer, Stephen L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3342739/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22558526
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2045-8932.94843
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author Ryan, John J.
Thenappan, Thenappan
Luo, Nancy
Ha, Thanh
Patel, Amit R.
Rich, Stuart
Archer, Stephen L.
author_facet Ryan, John J.
Thenappan, Thenappan
Luo, Nancy
Ha, Thanh
Patel, Amit R.
Rich, Stuart
Archer, Stephen L.
author_sort Ryan, John J.
collection PubMed
description Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is defined as a resting mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 25 mmHg. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies PH into five categories. The WHO nomenclature assumes shared histology and pathophysiology within categories and implies category-specific treatment. Imaging of the heart and pulmonary vasculature is critical to assigning a patient's PH syndrome to the correct WHO category and is also important in predicting outcomes. Imaging studies often reveal that the etiology of PH in a patient reflects contributions from several categories. Overlap between Categories 2 and 3 (left heart disease and lung disease) is particularly common, reflecting shared risk factors. Correct classification of PH patients requires the combination of standard imaging (chest roentgenograms, ventilation-perfusion scans, echocardiography, and the 12-lead electrocardiogram) and advanced imaging (computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography). Despite the value of imaging, cardiac catheterization remains the gold standard for quantification of hemodynamics and is required before initiation of PH-specific therapy. These cases illustrate the use of imaging in classifying patients into WHO PH Categories 1-5.
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spelling pubmed-33427392012-05-03 The WHO classification of pulmonary hypertension: A case-based imaging compendium Ryan, John J. Thenappan, Thenappan Luo, Nancy Ha, Thanh Patel, Amit R. Rich, Stuart Archer, Stephen L. Pulm Circ Images in Pulmonary Vascular Diseases Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is defined as a resting mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 25 mmHg. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies PH into five categories. The WHO nomenclature assumes shared histology and pathophysiology within categories and implies category-specific treatment. Imaging of the heart and pulmonary vasculature is critical to assigning a patient's PH syndrome to the correct WHO category and is also important in predicting outcomes. Imaging studies often reveal that the etiology of PH in a patient reflects contributions from several categories. Overlap between Categories 2 and 3 (left heart disease and lung disease) is particularly common, reflecting shared risk factors. Correct classification of PH patients requires the combination of standard imaging (chest roentgenograms, ventilation-perfusion scans, echocardiography, and the 12-lead electrocardiogram) and advanced imaging (computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography). Despite the value of imaging, cardiac catheterization remains the gold standard for quantification of hemodynamics and is required before initiation of PH-specific therapy. These cases illustrate the use of imaging in classifying patients into WHO PH Categories 1-5. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2012 /pmc/articles/PMC3342739/ /pubmed/22558526 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2045-8932.94843 Text en Copyright: © Pulmonary Circulation http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Images in Pulmonary Vascular Diseases
Ryan, John J.
Thenappan, Thenappan
Luo, Nancy
Ha, Thanh
Patel, Amit R.
Rich, Stuart
Archer, Stephen L.
The WHO classification of pulmonary hypertension: A case-based imaging compendium
title The WHO classification of pulmonary hypertension: A case-based imaging compendium
title_full The WHO classification of pulmonary hypertension: A case-based imaging compendium
title_fullStr The WHO classification of pulmonary hypertension: A case-based imaging compendium
title_full_unstemmed The WHO classification of pulmonary hypertension: A case-based imaging compendium
title_short The WHO classification of pulmonary hypertension: A case-based imaging compendium
title_sort who classification of pulmonary hypertension: a case-based imaging compendium
topic Images in Pulmonary Vascular Diseases
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3342739/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22558526
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2045-8932.94843
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