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Central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition
The concept of antibody mediated CNS disorders is relatively recent. The classical CNS paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are thought to be T cell mediated, and the onconeural antibodies merely biomarkers for the presence of the tumour. Thus it was thought that antibodies rarely, if ever, cause C...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BMJ Group
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3348613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22448032 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2011-301237 |
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author | Zuliani, Luigi Graus, Francesc Giometto, Bruno Bien, Christian Vincent, Angela |
author_facet | Zuliani, Luigi Graus, Francesc Giometto, Bruno Bien, Christian Vincent, Angela |
author_sort | Zuliani, Luigi |
collection | PubMed |
description | The concept of antibody mediated CNS disorders is relatively recent. The classical CNS paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are thought to be T cell mediated, and the onconeural antibodies merely biomarkers for the presence of the tumour. Thus it was thought that antibodies rarely, if ever, cause CNS disease. Over the past 10 years, identification of autoimmune forms of encephalitis with antibodies against neuronal surface antigens, particularly the voltage gated potassium channel complex proteins or the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, have shown that CNS disorders, often without associated tumours, can be antibody mediated and benefit from immunomodulatory therapies. The clinical spectrum of these diseases is not yet fully explored, there may be others yet to be discovered and some types of more common disorders (eg, epilepsy or psychosis) may prove to have an autoimmune basis. Here, the known conditions associated with neuronal surface antibodies are briefly reviewed, some general aspects of these syndromes are considered and guidelines that could help in the recognition of further disorders are suggested. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3348613 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | BMJ Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33486132012-05-09 Central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition Zuliani, Luigi Graus, Francesc Giometto, Bruno Bien, Christian Vincent, Angela J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Neuro-Immunology The concept of antibody mediated CNS disorders is relatively recent. The classical CNS paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are thought to be T cell mediated, and the onconeural antibodies merely biomarkers for the presence of the tumour. Thus it was thought that antibodies rarely, if ever, cause CNS disease. Over the past 10 years, identification of autoimmune forms of encephalitis with antibodies against neuronal surface antigens, particularly the voltage gated potassium channel complex proteins or the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, have shown that CNS disorders, often without associated tumours, can be antibody mediated and benefit from immunomodulatory therapies. The clinical spectrum of these diseases is not yet fully explored, there may be others yet to be discovered and some types of more common disorders (eg, epilepsy or psychosis) may prove to have an autoimmune basis. Here, the known conditions associated with neuronal surface antibodies are briefly reviewed, some general aspects of these syndromes are considered and guidelines that could help in the recognition of further disorders are suggested. BMJ Group 2012-03-24 2012-06 /pmc/articles/PMC3348613/ /pubmed/22448032 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2011-301237 Text en © 2012, Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non commercial and is otherwise in compliance with the license. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/ and http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/legalcode. |
spellingShingle | Neuro-Immunology Zuliani, Luigi Graus, Francesc Giometto, Bruno Bien, Christian Vincent, Angela Central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition |
title | Central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition |
title_full | Central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition |
title_fullStr | Central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition |
title_full_unstemmed | Central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition |
title_short | Central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition |
title_sort | central nervous system neuronal surface antibody associated syndromes: review and guidelines for recognition |
topic | Neuro-Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3348613/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22448032 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2011-301237 |
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