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Strategic Insight and Age-Related Goal-Neglect Influence Risky Decision-Making
Maximizing long-run gains often requires taking on some degree of risk, yet decision-makers often exhibit risk aversion (RA), rejecting risky prospects even when these have higher expected value (EV) than safer alternatives. We investigated whether explicit strategy instruction and practice can decr...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Research Foundation
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3349274/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22590452 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2012.00068 |
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author | Westbrook, Andrew Martins, Bruna S. Yarkoni, Tal Braver, Todd S. |
author_facet | Westbrook, Andrew Martins, Bruna S. Yarkoni, Tal Braver, Todd S. |
author_sort | Westbrook, Andrew |
collection | PubMed |
description | Maximizing long-run gains often requires taking on some degree of risk, yet decision-makers often exhibit risk aversion (RA), rejecting risky prospects even when these have higher expected value (EV) than safer alternatives. We investigated whether explicit strategy instruction and practice can decrease prepotent RA, and whether aging impacts the efficacy of such an intervention. Participants performed a paired lottery task with options varying in risk and magnitude, both before and after practice with a similar task that encouraged maximization of EV and instruction to use this strategy in risky decisions. In both younger and older adults (OAs), strategy training reduced RA. Although RA was age-equivalent at baseline, larger training effects were observed in younger adults (YAs). These effects were not explained by risk-related (i.e., affective) interference effects or computation ability, but were consistent with a progressive, age-related neglect of the strategy across trials. Our findings suggest that strategy training can diminish RA, but that training efficacy is reduced among OAs, potentially due to goal neglect. We discuss implications for neural mechanisms that may distinguish older and YAs’ risky decision-making. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3349274 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Frontiers Research Foundation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33492742012-05-15 Strategic Insight and Age-Related Goal-Neglect Influence Risky Decision-Making Westbrook, Andrew Martins, Bruna S. Yarkoni, Tal Braver, Todd S. Front Neurosci Neuroscience Maximizing long-run gains often requires taking on some degree of risk, yet decision-makers often exhibit risk aversion (RA), rejecting risky prospects even when these have higher expected value (EV) than safer alternatives. We investigated whether explicit strategy instruction and practice can decrease prepotent RA, and whether aging impacts the efficacy of such an intervention. Participants performed a paired lottery task with options varying in risk and magnitude, both before and after practice with a similar task that encouraged maximization of EV and instruction to use this strategy in risky decisions. In both younger and older adults (OAs), strategy training reduced RA. Although RA was age-equivalent at baseline, larger training effects were observed in younger adults (YAs). These effects were not explained by risk-related (i.e., affective) interference effects or computation ability, but were consistent with a progressive, age-related neglect of the strategy across trials. Our findings suggest that strategy training can diminish RA, but that training efficacy is reduced among OAs, potentially due to goal neglect. We discuss implications for neural mechanisms that may distinguish older and YAs’ risky decision-making. Frontiers Research Foundation 2012-05-10 /pmc/articles/PMC3349274/ /pubmed/22590452 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2012.00068 Text en Copyright © 2012 Westbrook, Martins, Yarkoni and Braver. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License, which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Westbrook, Andrew Martins, Bruna S. Yarkoni, Tal Braver, Todd S. Strategic Insight and Age-Related Goal-Neglect Influence Risky Decision-Making |
title | Strategic Insight and Age-Related Goal-Neglect Influence Risky Decision-Making |
title_full | Strategic Insight and Age-Related Goal-Neglect Influence Risky Decision-Making |
title_fullStr | Strategic Insight and Age-Related Goal-Neglect Influence Risky Decision-Making |
title_full_unstemmed | Strategic Insight and Age-Related Goal-Neglect Influence Risky Decision-Making |
title_short | Strategic Insight and Age-Related Goal-Neglect Influence Risky Decision-Making |
title_sort | strategic insight and age-related goal-neglect influence risky decision-making |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3349274/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22590452 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2012.00068 |
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