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New Insight into the History of Domesticated Apple: Secondary Contribution of the European Wild Apple to the Genome of Cultivated Varieties

The apple is the most common and culturally important fruit crop of temperate areas. The elucidation of its origin and domestication history is therefore of great interest. The wild Central Asian species Malus sieversii has previously been identified as the main contributor to the genome of the cult...

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Autores principales: Cornille, Amandine, Gladieux, Pierre, Smulders, Marinus J. M., Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel, Laurens, François, Le Cam, Bruno, Nersesyan, Anush, Clavel, Joanne, Olonova, Marina, Feugey, Laurence, Gabrielyan, Ivan, Zhang, Xiu-Guo, Tenaillon, Maud I., Giraud, Tatiana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3349737/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22589740
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002703
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author Cornille, Amandine
Gladieux, Pierre
Smulders, Marinus J. M.
Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel
Laurens, François
Le Cam, Bruno
Nersesyan, Anush
Clavel, Joanne
Olonova, Marina
Feugey, Laurence
Gabrielyan, Ivan
Zhang, Xiu-Guo
Tenaillon, Maud I.
Giraud, Tatiana
author_facet Cornille, Amandine
Gladieux, Pierre
Smulders, Marinus J. M.
Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel
Laurens, François
Le Cam, Bruno
Nersesyan, Anush
Clavel, Joanne
Olonova, Marina
Feugey, Laurence
Gabrielyan, Ivan
Zhang, Xiu-Guo
Tenaillon, Maud I.
Giraud, Tatiana
author_sort Cornille, Amandine
collection PubMed
description The apple is the most common and culturally important fruit crop of temperate areas. The elucidation of its origin and domestication history is therefore of great interest. The wild Central Asian species Malus sieversii has previously been identified as the main contributor to the genome of the cultivated apple (Malus domestica), on the basis of morphological, molecular, and historical evidence. The possible contribution of other wild species present along the Silk Route running from Asia to Western Europe remains a matter of debate, particularly with respect to the contribution of the European wild apple. We used microsatellite markers and an unprecedented large sampling of five Malus species throughout Eurasia (839 accessions from China to Spain) to show that multiple species have contributed to the genetic makeup of domesticated apples. The wild European crabapple M. sylvestris, in particular, was a major secondary contributor. Bidirectional gene flow between the domesticated apple and the European crabapple resulted in the current M. domestica being genetically more closely related to this species than to its Central Asian progenitor, M. sieversii. We found no evidence of a domestication bottleneck or clonal population structure in apples, despite the use of vegetative propagation by grafting. We show that the evolution of domesticated apples occurred over a long time period and involved more than one wild species. Our results support the view that self-incompatibility, a long lifespan, and cultural practices such as selection from open-pollinated seeds have facilitated introgression from wild relatives and the maintenance of genetic variation during domestication. This combination of processes may account for the diversification of several long-lived perennial crops, yielding domestication patterns different from those observed for annual species.
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spelling pubmed-33497372012-05-15 New Insight into the History of Domesticated Apple: Secondary Contribution of the European Wild Apple to the Genome of Cultivated Varieties Cornille, Amandine Gladieux, Pierre Smulders, Marinus J. M. Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel Laurens, François Le Cam, Bruno Nersesyan, Anush Clavel, Joanne Olonova, Marina Feugey, Laurence Gabrielyan, Ivan Zhang, Xiu-Guo Tenaillon, Maud I. Giraud, Tatiana PLoS Genet Research Article The apple is the most common and culturally important fruit crop of temperate areas. The elucidation of its origin and domestication history is therefore of great interest. The wild Central Asian species Malus sieversii has previously been identified as the main contributor to the genome of the cultivated apple (Malus domestica), on the basis of morphological, molecular, and historical evidence. The possible contribution of other wild species present along the Silk Route running from Asia to Western Europe remains a matter of debate, particularly with respect to the contribution of the European wild apple. We used microsatellite markers and an unprecedented large sampling of five Malus species throughout Eurasia (839 accessions from China to Spain) to show that multiple species have contributed to the genetic makeup of domesticated apples. The wild European crabapple M. sylvestris, in particular, was a major secondary contributor. Bidirectional gene flow between the domesticated apple and the European crabapple resulted in the current M. domestica being genetically more closely related to this species than to its Central Asian progenitor, M. sieversii. We found no evidence of a domestication bottleneck or clonal population structure in apples, despite the use of vegetative propagation by grafting. We show that the evolution of domesticated apples occurred over a long time period and involved more than one wild species. Our results support the view that self-incompatibility, a long lifespan, and cultural practices such as selection from open-pollinated seeds have facilitated introgression from wild relatives and the maintenance of genetic variation during domestication. This combination of processes may account for the diversification of several long-lived perennial crops, yielding domestication patterns different from those observed for annual species. Public Library of Science 2012-05-10 /pmc/articles/PMC3349737/ /pubmed/22589740 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002703 Text en Cornille et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Cornille, Amandine
Gladieux, Pierre
Smulders, Marinus J. M.
Roldán-Ruiz, Isabel
Laurens, François
Le Cam, Bruno
Nersesyan, Anush
Clavel, Joanne
Olonova, Marina
Feugey, Laurence
Gabrielyan, Ivan
Zhang, Xiu-Guo
Tenaillon, Maud I.
Giraud, Tatiana
New Insight into the History of Domesticated Apple: Secondary Contribution of the European Wild Apple to the Genome of Cultivated Varieties
title New Insight into the History of Domesticated Apple: Secondary Contribution of the European Wild Apple to the Genome of Cultivated Varieties
title_full New Insight into the History of Domesticated Apple: Secondary Contribution of the European Wild Apple to the Genome of Cultivated Varieties
title_fullStr New Insight into the History of Domesticated Apple: Secondary Contribution of the European Wild Apple to the Genome of Cultivated Varieties
title_full_unstemmed New Insight into the History of Domesticated Apple: Secondary Contribution of the European Wild Apple to the Genome of Cultivated Varieties
title_short New Insight into the History of Domesticated Apple: Secondary Contribution of the European Wild Apple to the Genome of Cultivated Varieties
title_sort new insight into the history of domesticated apple: secondary contribution of the european wild apple to the genome of cultivated varieties
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3349737/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22589740
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002703
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