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Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders

Cytokines are intercellular mediators involved in viral control and liver damage being induced by infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The complex cytokine network operating during initial infection allows a coordinated, effective development of both innate and adaptive immune responses. However,...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Fallahi, Poupak, Ferri, Clodoveo, Ferrari, Silvia Martina, Corrado, Alda, Sansonno, Domenico, Antonelli, Alessandro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3352261/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22611419
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/468107
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author Fallahi, Poupak
Ferri, Clodoveo
Ferrari, Silvia Martina
Corrado, Alda
Sansonno, Domenico
Antonelli, Alessandro
author_facet Fallahi, Poupak
Ferri, Clodoveo
Ferrari, Silvia Martina
Corrado, Alda
Sansonno, Domenico
Antonelli, Alessandro
author_sort Fallahi, Poupak
collection PubMed
description Cytokines are intercellular mediators involved in viral control and liver damage being induced by infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The complex cytokine network operating during initial infection allows a coordinated, effective development of both innate and adaptive immune responses. However, HCV interferes with cytokines at various levels and escapes immune response by inducing a T-helper (Th)2/T cytotoxic 2 cytokine profile. Inability to control infection leads to the recruitment of inflammatory infiltrates into the liver parenchyma by interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducible CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)-9, -10, and -11 chemokines, which results in sustained liver damage and eventually in liver cirrhosis. The most important systemic HCV-related extrahepatic diseases—mixed cryoglobulinemia, lymphoproliferative disorders, thyroid autoimmune disorders, and type 2 diabetes—are associated with a complex dysregulation of the cytokine/chemokine network, involving proinflammatory and Th1 chemokines. The therapeutical administration of cytokines such as IFN-alpha may result in viral clearance during persistent infection and reverts this process.
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spelling pubmed-33522612012-05-18 Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders Fallahi, Poupak Ferri, Clodoveo Ferrari, Silvia Martina Corrado, Alda Sansonno, Domenico Antonelli, Alessandro Clin Dev Immunol Review Article Cytokines are intercellular mediators involved in viral control and liver damage being induced by infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The complex cytokine network operating during initial infection allows a coordinated, effective development of both innate and adaptive immune responses. However, HCV interferes with cytokines at various levels and escapes immune response by inducing a T-helper (Th)2/T cytotoxic 2 cytokine profile. Inability to control infection leads to the recruitment of inflammatory infiltrates into the liver parenchyma by interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducible CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)-9, -10, and -11 chemokines, which results in sustained liver damage and eventually in liver cirrhosis. The most important systemic HCV-related extrahepatic diseases—mixed cryoglobulinemia, lymphoproliferative disorders, thyroid autoimmune disorders, and type 2 diabetes—are associated with a complex dysregulation of the cytokine/chemokine network, involving proinflammatory and Th1 chemokines. The therapeutical administration of cytokines such as IFN-alpha may result in viral clearance during persistent infection and reverts this process. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-05-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3352261/ /pubmed/22611419 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/468107 Text en Copyright © 2012 Poupak Fallahi et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Fallahi, Poupak
Ferri, Clodoveo
Ferrari, Silvia Martina
Corrado, Alda
Sansonno, Domenico
Antonelli, Alessandro
Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders
title Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders
title_full Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders
title_fullStr Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders
title_short Cytokines and HCV-Related Disorders
title_sort cytokines and hcv-related disorders
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3352261/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22611419
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/468107
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