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Estimating the Burden of Disease from Unsafe Injections in India: A Cost–benefit Assessment of the Auto-disable Syringe in a Country with Low Blood-borne Virus Prevalence

BACKGROUND: Unsafe medical injections are a prevalent risk factor for viral hepatitis and HIV in India. OBJECTIVES: This review undertakes a cost–benefit assessment of the auto-disable syringe, now being introduced to prevent the spread of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodefici...

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Autor principal: Reid, Savanna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3361807/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22654281
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.96093
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author Reid, Savanna
author_facet Reid, Savanna
author_sort Reid, Savanna
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Unsafe medical injections are a prevalent risk factor for viral hepatitis and HIV in India. OBJECTIVES: This review undertakes a cost–benefit assessment of the auto-disable syringe, now being introduced to prevent the spread of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The World Health Organization methods for modeling the global burden of disease from unsafe medical injections are reproduced, correcting for the concentrated structure of the HIV epidemic in India. A systematic review of risk factor analyses in India that investigate injection risks is used in the uncertainty analysis. RESULTS: The median population attributable fraction for hepatitis B carriage associated with recent injections is 46%, the median fraction of hepatitis C infections attributed to unsafe medical injections is 38%, and the median fraction of incident HIV infections attributed to medical injections is 12% in India. The modeled incidence of blood-borne viruses suggests that introducing the auto-disable syringe will impose an incremental cost of $46–48 per disability adjusted life year (DALY) averted. The epidemiological evidence suggests that the incremental cost of introducing the auto-disable syringe for all medical injections is between $39 and $79 per DALY averted. CONCLUSIONS: The auto-disable syringe is a cost-effective alternative to the reuse of syringes in a country with low prevalence of blood-borne viruses.
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spelling pubmed-33618072012-05-31 Estimating the Burden of Disease from Unsafe Injections in India: A Cost–benefit Assessment of the Auto-disable Syringe in a Country with Low Blood-borne Virus Prevalence Reid, Savanna Indian J Community Med Original Article BACKGROUND: Unsafe medical injections are a prevalent risk factor for viral hepatitis and HIV in India. OBJECTIVES: This review undertakes a cost–benefit assessment of the auto-disable syringe, now being introduced to prevent the spread of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The World Health Organization methods for modeling the global burden of disease from unsafe medical injections are reproduced, correcting for the concentrated structure of the HIV epidemic in India. A systematic review of risk factor analyses in India that investigate injection risks is used in the uncertainty analysis. RESULTS: The median population attributable fraction for hepatitis B carriage associated with recent injections is 46%, the median fraction of hepatitis C infections attributed to unsafe medical injections is 38%, and the median fraction of incident HIV infections attributed to medical injections is 12% in India. The modeled incidence of blood-borne viruses suggests that introducing the auto-disable syringe will impose an incremental cost of $46–48 per disability adjusted life year (DALY) averted. The epidemiological evidence suggests that the incremental cost of introducing the auto-disable syringe for all medical injections is between $39 and $79 per DALY averted. CONCLUSIONS: The auto-disable syringe is a cost-effective alternative to the reuse of syringes in a country with low prevalence of blood-borne viruses. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2012 /pmc/articles/PMC3361807/ /pubmed/22654281 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.96093 Text en Copyright: © Indian Journal of Community Medicine http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Reid, Savanna
Estimating the Burden of Disease from Unsafe Injections in India: A Cost–benefit Assessment of the Auto-disable Syringe in a Country with Low Blood-borne Virus Prevalence
title Estimating the Burden of Disease from Unsafe Injections in India: A Cost–benefit Assessment of the Auto-disable Syringe in a Country with Low Blood-borne Virus Prevalence
title_full Estimating the Burden of Disease from Unsafe Injections in India: A Cost–benefit Assessment of the Auto-disable Syringe in a Country with Low Blood-borne Virus Prevalence
title_fullStr Estimating the Burden of Disease from Unsafe Injections in India: A Cost–benefit Assessment of the Auto-disable Syringe in a Country with Low Blood-borne Virus Prevalence
title_full_unstemmed Estimating the Burden of Disease from Unsafe Injections in India: A Cost–benefit Assessment of the Auto-disable Syringe in a Country with Low Blood-borne Virus Prevalence
title_short Estimating the Burden of Disease from Unsafe Injections in India: A Cost–benefit Assessment of the Auto-disable Syringe in a Country with Low Blood-borne Virus Prevalence
title_sort estimating the burden of disease from unsafe injections in india: a cost–benefit assessment of the auto-disable syringe in a country with low blood-borne virus prevalence
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3361807/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22654281
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.96093
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