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Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function

Hand function depends on sensory feedback to direct an appropriate motor response. There is clear evidence that somatosensory cortices modulate motor behaviour and physiology within primary motor cortex. However, this information is mainly from research in animals and the bridge to human hand contro...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jacobs, M., Premji, A., Nelson, A. J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3362131/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22666612
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/350574
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author Jacobs, M.
Premji, A.
Nelson, A. J.
author_facet Jacobs, M.
Premji, A.
Nelson, A. J.
author_sort Jacobs, M.
collection PubMed
description Hand function depends on sensory feedback to direct an appropriate motor response. There is clear evidence that somatosensory cortices modulate motor behaviour and physiology within primary motor cortex. However, this information is mainly from research in animals and the bridge to human hand control is needed. Emerging evidence in humans supports the notion that somatosensory cortices modulate motor behaviour, physiology and sensory perception. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) allows for the investigation of primary and higher-order somatosensory cortices and their role in control of hand movement in humans. This review provides a summary of several TMS protocols in the investigation of hand control via the somatosensory cortices. TMS plasticity inducing protocols reviewed include paired associative stimulation, repetitive TMS, theta-burst stimulation as well as other techniques that aim to modulate cortical excitability in sensorimotor cortices. Although the discussed techniques may modulate cortical excitability, careful consideration of experimental design is needed to isolate factors that may interfere with desired results of the plasticity-inducing protocol, specifically events that may lead to metaplasticity within the targeted cortex.
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spelling pubmed-33621312012-06-04 Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function Jacobs, M. Premji, A. Nelson, A. J. Neural Plast Review Article Hand function depends on sensory feedback to direct an appropriate motor response. There is clear evidence that somatosensory cortices modulate motor behaviour and physiology within primary motor cortex. However, this information is mainly from research in animals and the bridge to human hand control is needed. Emerging evidence in humans supports the notion that somatosensory cortices modulate motor behaviour, physiology and sensory perception. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) allows for the investigation of primary and higher-order somatosensory cortices and their role in control of hand movement in humans. This review provides a summary of several TMS protocols in the investigation of hand control via the somatosensory cortices. TMS plasticity inducing protocols reviewed include paired associative stimulation, repetitive TMS, theta-burst stimulation as well as other techniques that aim to modulate cortical excitability in sensorimotor cortices. Although the discussed techniques may modulate cortical excitability, careful consideration of experimental design is needed to isolate factors that may interfere with desired results of the plasticity-inducing protocol, specifically events that may lead to metaplasticity within the targeted cortex. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC3362131/ /pubmed/22666612 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/350574 Text en Copyright © 2012 M. Jacobs et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Jacobs, M.
Premji, A.
Nelson, A. J.
Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function
title Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function
title_full Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function
title_fullStr Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function
title_full_unstemmed Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function
title_short Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function
title_sort plasticity-inducing tms protocols to investigate somatosensory control of hand function
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3362131/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22666612
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/350574
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