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Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function
Hand function depends on sensory feedback to direct an appropriate motor response. There is clear evidence that somatosensory cortices modulate motor behaviour and physiology within primary motor cortex. However, this information is mainly from research in animals and the bridge to human hand contro...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3362131/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22666612 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/350574 |
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author | Jacobs, M. Premji, A. Nelson, A. J. |
author_facet | Jacobs, M. Premji, A. Nelson, A. J. |
author_sort | Jacobs, M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hand function depends on sensory feedback to direct an appropriate motor response. There is clear evidence that somatosensory cortices modulate motor behaviour and physiology within primary motor cortex. However, this information is mainly from research in animals and the bridge to human hand control is needed. Emerging evidence in humans supports the notion that somatosensory cortices modulate motor behaviour, physiology and sensory perception. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) allows for the investigation of primary and higher-order somatosensory cortices and their role in control of hand movement in humans. This review provides a summary of several TMS protocols in the investigation of hand control via the somatosensory cortices. TMS plasticity inducing protocols reviewed include paired associative stimulation, repetitive TMS, theta-burst stimulation as well as other techniques that aim to modulate cortical excitability in sensorimotor cortices. Although the discussed techniques may modulate cortical excitability, careful consideration of experimental design is needed to isolate factors that may interfere with desired results of the plasticity-inducing protocol, specifically events that may lead to metaplasticity within the targeted cortex. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3362131 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33621312012-06-04 Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function Jacobs, M. Premji, A. Nelson, A. J. Neural Plast Review Article Hand function depends on sensory feedback to direct an appropriate motor response. There is clear evidence that somatosensory cortices modulate motor behaviour and physiology within primary motor cortex. However, this information is mainly from research in animals and the bridge to human hand control is needed. Emerging evidence in humans supports the notion that somatosensory cortices modulate motor behaviour, physiology and sensory perception. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) allows for the investigation of primary and higher-order somatosensory cortices and their role in control of hand movement in humans. This review provides a summary of several TMS protocols in the investigation of hand control via the somatosensory cortices. TMS plasticity inducing protocols reviewed include paired associative stimulation, repetitive TMS, theta-burst stimulation as well as other techniques that aim to modulate cortical excitability in sensorimotor cortices. Although the discussed techniques may modulate cortical excitability, careful consideration of experimental design is needed to isolate factors that may interfere with desired results of the plasticity-inducing protocol, specifically events that may lead to metaplasticity within the targeted cortex. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC3362131/ /pubmed/22666612 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/350574 Text en Copyright © 2012 M. Jacobs et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Jacobs, M. Premji, A. Nelson, A. J. Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function |
title | Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function |
title_full | Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function |
title_fullStr | Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function |
title_full_unstemmed | Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function |
title_short | Plasticity-Inducing TMS Protocols to Investigate Somatosensory Control of Hand Function |
title_sort | plasticity-inducing tms protocols to investigate somatosensory control of hand function |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3362131/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22666612 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/350574 |
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