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New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean

Tetrodotoxin is a potent low weight marine toxin found in warm waters, especially of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Intoxications are usually linked to the consumption of the puffer fish, although TTX was already detected in several different edible taxa. Benthic organisms such as mollusks and echin...

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Autores principales: Silva, Marisa, Azevedo, Joana, Rodriguez, Paula, Alfonso, Amparo, Botana, Luis M., Vasconcelos, Vítor
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3366671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22690139
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md10040712
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author Silva, Marisa
Azevedo, Joana
Rodriguez, Paula
Alfonso, Amparo
Botana, Luis M.
Vasconcelos, Vítor
author_facet Silva, Marisa
Azevedo, Joana
Rodriguez, Paula
Alfonso, Amparo
Botana, Luis M.
Vasconcelos, Vítor
author_sort Silva, Marisa
collection PubMed
description Tetrodotoxin is a potent low weight marine toxin found in warm waters, especially of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Intoxications are usually linked to the consumption of the puffer fish, although TTX was already detected in several different edible taxa. Benthic organisms such as mollusks and echinoderms, with different feeding habits, were collected monthly along the Portuguese coast from the summer of 2009 until the end of 2010. The extraction and analysis techniques were optimized and TTX and some analogues were detected for the first time in two intertidal gastropod species—Gibbula umbilicalis and Monodonta lineata by LC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS. Although the levels are low, these findings suggest that monitoring of TTX and analogues in North Atlantic species should be implemented so as to detect potentially new toxin vectors and seasonal and/or geographical patterns.
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spelling pubmed-33666712012-06-11 New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean Silva, Marisa Azevedo, Joana Rodriguez, Paula Alfonso, Amparo Botana, Luis M. Vasconcelos, Vítor Mar Drugs Article Tetrodotoxin is a potent low weight marine toxin found in warm waters, especially of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Intoxications are usually linked to the consumption of the puffer fish, although TTX was already detected in several different edible taxa. Benthic organisms such as mollusks and echinoderms, with different feeding habits, were collected monthly along the Portuguese coast from the summer of 2009 until the end of 2010. The extraction and analysis techniques were optimized and TTX and some analogues were detected for the first time in two intertidal gastropod species—Gibbula umbilicalis and Monodonta lineata by LC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS. Although the levels are low, these findings suggest that monitoring of TTX and analogues in North Atlantic species should be implemented so as to detect potentially new toxin vectors and seasonal and/or geographical patterns. MDPI 2012-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC3366671/ /pubmed/22690139 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md10040712 Text en © 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Silva, Marisa
Azevedo, Joana
Rodriguez, Paula
Alfonso, Amparo
Botana, Luis M.
Vasconcelos, Vítor
New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean
title New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean
title_full New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean
title_fullStr New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean
title_full_unstemmed New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean
title_short New Gastropod Vectors and Tetrodotoxin Potential Expansion in Temperate Waters of the Atlantic Ocean
title_sort new gastropod vectors and tetrodotoxin potential expansion in temperate waters of the atlantic ocean
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3366671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22690139
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md10040712
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