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Sarcopenia and Age-Related Endocrine Function
Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle, is characterized by a deterioration of muscle quantity and quality leading to a gradual slowing of movement, a decline in strength and power, and an increased risk of fall-related injuries. Since sarcopenia is largely attributed to various molecul...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3368374/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22690213 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/127362 |
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author | Sakuma, Kunihiro Yamaguchi, Akihiko |
author_facet | Sakuma, Kunihiro Yamaguchi, Akihiko |
author_sort | Sakuma, Kunihiro |
collection | PubMed |
description | Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle, is characterized by a deterioration of muscle quantity and quality leading to a gradual slowing of movement, a decline in strength and power, and an increased risk of fall-related injuries. Since sarcopenia is largely attributed to various molecular mediators affecting fiber size, mitochondrial homeostasis, and apoptosis, numerous targets exist for drug discovery. In this paper, we summarize the current understanding of the endocrine contribution to sarcopenia and provide an update on hormonal intervention to try to improve endocrine defects. Myostatin inhibition seems to be the most interesting strategy for attenuating sarcopenia other than resistance training with amino acid supplementation. Testosterone supplementation in large amounts and at low frequency improves muscle defects with aging but has several side effects. Although IGF-I is a potent regulator of muscle mass, its therapeutic use has not had a positive effect probably due to local IGF-I resistance. Treatment with ghrelin may ameliorate the muscle atrophy elicited by age-dependent decreases in growth hormone. Ghrelin is an interesting candidate because it is orally active, avoiding the need for injections. A more comprehensive knowledge of vitamin-D-related mechanisms is needed to utilize this nutrient to prevent sarcopenia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3368374 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33683742012-06-11 Sarcopenia and Age-Related Endocrine Function Sakuma, Kunihiro Yamaguchi, Akihiko Int J Endocrinol Review Article Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle, is characterized by a deterioration of muscle quantity and quality leading to a gradual slowing of movement, a decline in strength and power, and an increased risk of fall-related injuries. Since sarcopenia is largely attributed to various molecular mediators affecting fiber size, mitochondrial homeostasis, and apoptosis, numerous targets exist for drug discovery. In this paper, we summarize the current understanding of the endocrine contribution to sarcopenia and provide an update on hormonal intervention to try to improve endocrine defects. Myostatin inhibition seems to be the most interesting strategy for attenuating sarcopenia other than resistance training with amino acid supplementation. Testosterone supplementation in large amounts and at low frequency improves muscle defects with aging but has several side effects. Although IGF-I is a potent regulator of muscle mass, its therapeutic use has not had a positive effect probably due to local IGF-I resistance. Treatment with ghrelin may ameliorate the muscle atrophy elicited by age-dependent decreases in growth hormone. Ghrelin is an interesting candidate because it is orally active, avoiding the need for injections. A more comprehensive knowledge of vitamin-D-related mechanisms is needed to utilize this nutrient to prevent sarcopenia. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3368374/ /pubmed/22690213 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/127362 Text en Copyright © 2012 K. Sakuma and A. Yamaguchi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Sakuma, Kunihiro Yamaguchi, Akihiko Sarcopenia and Age-Related Endocrine Function |
title | Sarcopenia and Age-Related Endocrine Function |
title_full | Sarcopenia and Age-Related Endocrine Function |
title_fullStr | Sarcopenia and Age-Related Endocrine Function |
title_full_unstemmed | Sarcopenia and Age-Related Endocrine Function |
title_short | Sarcopenia and Age-Related Endocrine Function |
title_sort | sarcopenia and age-related endocrine function |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3368374/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22690213 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/127362 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT sakumakunihiro sarcopeniaandagerelatedendocrinefunction AT yamaguchiakihiko sarcopeniaandagerelatedendocrinefunction |