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Glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with some cardiovascular risk factors among the PREMIER study participants

BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to examine the association of GI and GL with clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including body weight, blood pressure (BP), serum lipids, fasting g...

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Autores principales: Lin, Pao-Hwa, Chen, Chuhe, Young, Deborah R., Mitchell, Diane, Elmer, Patricia, Wang, Yanfang, Batch, Bryan, Champagne, Catherine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Co-Action Publishing 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3368490/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22675288
http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v56i0.9464
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author Lin, Pao-Hwa
Chen, Chuhe
Young, Deborah R.
Mitchell, Diane
Elmer, Patricia
Wang, Yanfang
Batch, Bryan
Champagne, Catherine
author_facet Lin, Pao-Hwa
Chen, Chuhe
Young, Deborah R.
Mitchell, Diane
Elmer, Patricia
Wang, Yanfang
Batch, Bryan
Champagne, Catherine
author_sort Lin, Pao-Hwa
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to examine the association of GI and GL with clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including body weight, blood pressure (BP), serum lipids, fasting glucose, insulin and homocysteine over time among the PREMIER participants. DESIGN: PREMIER was an 18-month randomized lifestyle intervention trial, conducted from 2000 to 2002, designed to help participants reduce BP by following the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern, losing weight, reducing sodium and increasing physical activity. GI and GL were estimated from 24 h diet recall data at baseline, 6 and 18 months after intervention. PROC MIXED model was used to examine the association of changes in GI or GL with changes in CVD risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 756 randomized participants, 62% females and 34% African Americans and who averaged 50.0±0.3 years old and 95.3±0.7 kg, were included in this report. Neither GI nor GL changes was associated with changes in any risk factors at 6 months. At 18 months, however, the GI change was significantly and positively associated with total cholesterol (TC) change only (p<0.05, β=23.80±12.11 mg/dL or 0.62±0.31 mmol/L) with a significant age interaction. The GL change was significantly associated with TC (p=0.02, β=0.28±0.15 mg/dL or 0.01±0.00 mmol/L) positively and with low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) changes negatively (p=0.03, β=−0.01±0.00 mg/dL or −0.00±0.00 mmol/L), and significant age interactions were observed for both. CONCLUSIONS: GI and GL was associated with TC and LDL-C after controlling for energy, fat and fiber intake and other potential confounders and the associations were modified by age. Further investigation into this relationship is important because of its potential clinical impact.
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spelling pubmed-33684902012-06-06 Glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with some cardiovascular risk factors among the PREMIER study participants Lin, Pao-Hwa Chen, Chuhe Young, Deborah R. Mitchell, Diane Elmer, Patricia Wang, Yanfang Batch, Bryan Champagne, Catherine Food Nutr Res Original Article BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to examine the association of GI and GL with clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including body weight, blood pressure (BP), serum lipids, fasting glucose, insulin and homocysteine over time among the PREMIER participants. DESIGN: PREMIER was an 18-month randomized lifestyle intervention trial, conducted from 2000 to 2002, designed to help participants reduce BP by following the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern, losing weight, reducing sodium and increasing physical activity. GI and GL were estimated from 24 h diet recall data at baseline, 6 and 18 months after intervention. PROC MIXED model was used to examine the association of changes in GI or GL with changes in CVD risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 756 randomized participants, 62% females and 34% African Americans and who averaged 50.0±0.3 years old and 95.3±0.7 kg, were included in this report. Neither GI nor GL changes was associated with changes in any risk factors at 6 months. At 18 months, however, the GI change was significantly and positively associated with total cholesterol (TC) change only (p<0.05, β=23.80±12.11 mg/dL or 0.62±0.31 mmol/L) with a significant age interaction. The GL change was significantly associated with TC (p=0.02, β=0.28±0.15 mg/dL or 0.01±0.00 mmol/L) positively and with low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) changes negatively (p=0.03, β=−0.01±0.00 mg/dL or −0.00±0.00 mmol/L), and significant age interactions were observed for both. CONCLUSIONS: GI and GL was associated with TC and LDL-C after controlling for energy, fat and fiber intake and other potential confounders and the associations were modified by age. Further investigation into this relationship is important because of its potential clinical impact. Co-Action Publishing 2012-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC3368490/ /pubmed/22675288 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v56i0.9464 Text en © 2012 Pao-Hwa Lin et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License, permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Lin, Pao-Hwa
Chen, Chuhe
Young, Deborah R.
Mitchell, Diane
Elmer, Patricia
Wang, Yanfang
Batch, Bryan
Champagne, Catherine
Glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with some cardiovascular risk factors among the PREMIER study participants
title Glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with some cardiovascular risk factors among the PREMIER study participants
title_full Glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with some cardiovascular risk factors among the PREMIER study participants
title_fullStr Glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with some cardiovascular risk factors among the PREMIER study participants
title_full_unstemmed Glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with some cardiovascular risk factors among the PREMIER study participants
title_short Glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with some cardiovascular risk factors among the PREMIER study participants
title_sort glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with some cardiovascular risk factors among the premier study participants
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3368490/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22675288
http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v56i0.9464
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