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The Mechanism for RNA Recognition by ANTAR Regulators of Gene Expression
ANTAR proteins are widespread bacterial regulatory proteins that have RNA–binding output domains and utilize antitermination to control gene expression at the post-initiation level. An ANTAR protein, EutV, regulates the ethanolamine-utilization genes (eut) in Enterococcus faecalis. Using this system...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3369931/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22685413 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002666 |
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author | Ramesh, Arati DebRoy, Sruti Goodson, Jonathan R. Fox, Kristina A. Faz, Herbey Garsin, Danielle A. Winkler, Wade C. |
author_facet | Ramesh, Arati DebRoy, Sruti Goodson, Jonathan R. Fox, Kristina A. Faz, Herbey Garsin, Danielle A. Winkler, Wade C. |
author_sort | Ramesh, Arati |
collection | PubMed |
description | ANTAR proteins are widespread bacterial regulatory proteins that have RNA–binding output domains and utilize antitermination to control gene expression at the post-initiation level. An ANTAR protein, EutV, regulates the ethanolamine-utilization genes (eut) in Enterococcus faecalis. Using this system, we present genetic and biochemical evidence of a general mechanism of antitermination used by ANTARs, including details of the antiterminator structure. The novel antiterminator structure consists of two small hairpins with highly conserved terminal loop residues, both features being essential for successful antitermination. The ANTAR protein dimerizes and associates with its substrate RNA in response to signal-induced phosphorylation. Furthermore, bioinformatic searches using this conserved antiterminator motif identified many new ANTAR target RNAs in phylogenetically diverse bacterial species, some comprising complex regulons. Despite the unrelatedness of the species in which they are found, the majority of the ANTAR–associated genes are thematically related to nitrogen management. These data suggest that the central tenets for gene regulation by ANTAR antitermination occur widely in nature to specifically control nitrogen metabolism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3369931 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33699312012-06-08 The Mechanism for RNA Recognition by ANTAR Regulators of Gene Expression Ramesh, Arati DebRoy, Sruti Goodson, Jonathan R. Fox, Kristina A. Faz, Herbey Garsin, Danielle A. Winkler, Wade C. PLoS Genet Research Article ANTAR proteins are widespread bacterial regulatory proteins that have RNA–binding output domains and utilize antitermination to control gene expression at the post-initiation level. An ANTAR protein, EutV, regulates the ethanolamine-utilization genes (eut) in Enterococcus faecalis. Using this system, we present genetic and biochemical evidence of a general mechanism of antitermination used by ANTARs, including details of the antiterminator structure. The novel antiterminator structure consists of two small hairpins with highly conserved terminal loop residues, both features being essential for successful antitermination. The ANTAR protein dimerizes and associates with its substrate RNA in response to signal-induced phosphorylation. Furthermore, bioinformatic searches using this conserved antiterminator motif identified many new ANTAR target RNAs in phylogenetically diverse bacterial species, some comprising complex regulons. Despite the unrelatedness of the species in which they are found, the majority of the ANTAR–associated genes are thematically related to nitrogen management. These data suggest that the central tenets for gene regulation by ANTAR antitermination occur widely in nature to specifically control nitrogen metabolism. Public Library of Science 2012-06-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3369931/ /pubmed/22685413 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002666 Text en Ramesh et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Ramesh, Arati DebRoy, Sruti Goodson, Jonathan R. Fox, Kristina A. Faz, Herbey Garsin, Danielle A. Winkler, Wade C. The Mechanism for RNA Recognition by ANTAR Regulators of Gene Expression |
title | The Mechanism for RNA Recognition by ANTAR Regulators of Gene Expression |
title_full | The Mechanism for RNA Recognition by ANTAR Regulators of Gene Expression |
title_fullStr | The Mechanism for RNA Recognition by ANTAR Regulators of Gene Expression |
title_full_unstemmed | The Mechanism for RNA Recognition by ANTAR Regulators of Gene Expression |
title_short | The Mechanism for RNA Recognition by ANTAR Regulators of Gene Expression |
title_sort | mechanism for rna recognition by antar regulators of gene expression |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3369931/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22685413 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002666 |
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