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Smoking and suicidal behaviours in a sample of US adults with low mood: a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether: (1) smoking predicts suicide-related outcomes (SROs), (2) prior SRO predicts smoking, (3) smoking abstinence affects the risk of SRO and (4) psychiatric comorbidity modifies the relationship between smoking and SRO. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of longitudinal da...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Group
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3371579/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22685221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-000876 |
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author | Covey, Lirio S Berlin, Ivan Hu, Mei-Chen Hakes, Jahn K |
author_facet | Covey, Lirio S Berlin, Ivan Hu, Mei-Chen Hakes, Jahn K |
author_sort | Covey, Lirio S |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether: (1) smoking predicts suicide-related outcomes (SROs), (2) prior SRO predicts smoking, (3) smoking abstinence affects the risk of SRO and (4) psychiatric comorbidity modifies the relationship between smoking and SRO. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of longitudinal data obtained in wave 1 (2001–2002) and wave 2 (2004–2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. SETTING: Face-to-face interviews conducted with persons in the community. PARTICIPANTS: US adults (N=43 093) aged 18 years or older were interviewed in wave 1 and reinterviewed (N=34 653) 3 years later. For the present study, the sample was the subset of persons (N=7352) who at the wave 2 interview reported low mood lasting 2 weeks or more during the past 3 years and were further queried regarding SRO occurring between waves 1 and 2. OUTCOME MEASURES: SRO composed of any of the following: (1) want to die, (2) suicidal ideation, (3) suicide attempt, reported at wave 2. Current smoking reported at wave 2. RESULTS: Current and former smoking in wave 1 predicted increased risk for wave 2 SRO independently of prior SRO, psychiatric history and socio-demographic characteristics measured in wave 1 (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.41, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.55 for current smoking; AOR=1.32, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.43 for former smoking). Prior SRO did not predict current smoking in wave 2. Compared with persistent never-smokers, risk for future SRO was highest among relapsers (AOR=3.42, 95% CI 2.85 to 4.11), next highest among smoking beginners at wave 2 (AOR=1.82, 95% CI 1.51 to 2.19) and lowest among long-term (4+ years) former smokers (AOR=1.22, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.34). Compared with persistent current smokers, risk for SRO was lower among long-term abstainers (p<0.0001) but not among shorter-term abstainers (p=0.26). CONCLUSIONS: Smoking increased the risk of future SRO independently of psychiatric comorbidity. Abstinence of several years duration reduced that risk. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3371579 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | BMJ Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33715792012-06-14 Smoking and suicidal behaviours in a sample of US adults with low mood: a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data Covey, Lirio S Berlin, Ivan Hu, Mei-Chen Hakes, Jahn K BMJ Open Smoking and Tobacco OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether: (1) smoking predicts suicide-related outcomes (SROs), (2) prior SRO predicts smoking, (3) smoking abstinence affects the risk of SRO and (4) psychiatric comorbidity modifies the relationship between smoking and SRO. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of longitudinal data obtained in wave 1 (2001–2002) and wave 2 (2004–2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. SETTING: Face-to-face interviews conducted with persons in the community. PARTICIPANTS: US adults (N=43 093) aged 18 years or older were interviewed in wave 1 and reinterviewed (N=34 653) 3 years later. For the present study, the sample was the subset of persons (N=7352) who at the wave 2 interview reported low mood lasting 2 weeks or more during the past 3 years and were further queried regarding SRO occurring between waves 1 and 2. OUTCOME MEASURES: SRO composed of any of the following: (1) want to die, (2) suicidal ideation, (3) suicide attempt, reported at wave 2. Current smoking reported at wave 2. RESULTS: Current and former smoking in wave 1 predicted increased risk for wave 2 SRO independently of prior SRO, psychiatric history and socio-demographic characteristics measured in wave 1 (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.41, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.55 for current smoking; AOR=1.32, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.43 for former smoking). Prior SRO did not predict current smoking in wave 2. Compared with persistent never-smokers, risk for future SRO was highest among relapsers (AOR=3.42, 95% CI 2.85 to 4.11), next highest among smoking beginners at wave 2 (AOR=1.82, 95% CI 1.51 to 2.19) and lowest among long-term (4+ years) former smokers (AOR=1.22, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.34). Compared with persistent current smokers, risk for SRO was lower among long-term abstainers (p<0.0001) but not among shorter-term abstainers (p=0.26). CONCLUSIONS: Smoking increased the risk of future SRO independently of psychiatric comorbidity. Abstinence of several years duration reduced that risk. BMJ Group 2012-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC3371579/ /pubmed/22685221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-000876 Text en © 2012, Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non commercial and is otherwise in compliance with the license. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/ and http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/legalcode. |
spellingShingle | Smoking and Tobacco Covey, Lirio S Berlin, Ivan Hu, Mei-Chen Hakes, Jahn K Smoking and suicidal behaviours in a sample of US adults with low mood: a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data |
title | Smoking and suicidal behaviours in a sample of US adults with low mood: a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data |
title_full | Smoking and suicidal behaviours in a sample of US adults with low mood: a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data |
title_fullStr | Smoking and suicidal behaviours in a sample of US adults with low mood: a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data |
title_full_unstemmed | Smoking and suicidal behaviours in a sample of US adults with low mood: a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data |
title_short | Smoking and suicidal behaviours in a sample of US adults with low mood: a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data |
title_sort | smoking and suicidal behaviours in a sample of us adults with low mood: a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data |
topic | Smoking and Tobacco |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3371579/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22685221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-000876 |
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