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Ultralong C100 Mycolic Acids Support the Assignment of Segniliparus as a New Bacterial Genus

Mycolic acid-producing bacteria isolated from the respiratory tract of human and non-human mammals were recently assigned as a distinct genus, Segniliparus, because they diverge from rhodococci and mycobacteria in genetic and chemical features. Using high accuracy mass spectrometry, we determined th...

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Autores principales: Hong, Sunhee, Cheng, Tan-Yun, Layre, Emilie, Sweet, Lindsay, Young, David C., Posey, James E., Butler, W. Ray, Moody, D. Branch
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3375245/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22720018
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039017
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author Hong, Sunhee
Cheng, Tan-Yun
Layre, Emilie
Sweet, Lindsay
Young, David C.
Posey, James E.
Butler, W. Ray
Moody, D. Branch
author_facet Hong, Sunhee
Cheng, Tan-Yun
Layre, Emilie
Sweet, Lindsay
Young, David C.
Posey, James E.
Butler, W. Ray
Moody, D. Branch
author_sort Hong, Sunhee
collection PubMed
description Mycolic acid-producing bacteria isolated from the respiratory tract of human and non-human mammals were recently assigned as a distinct genus, Segniliparus, because they diverge from rhodococci and mycobacteria in genetic and chemical features. Using high accuracy mass spectrometry, we determined the chemical composition of 65 homologous mycolic acids in two Segniliparus species and separately analyzed the three subclasses to measure relative chain length, number and stereochemistry of unsaturations and cyclopropyl groups within each class. Whereas mycobacterial mycolate subclasses are distinguished from one another by R groups on the meromycolate chain, Segniliparus species synthesize solely non-oxygenated α-mycolates with high levels of cis unsaturation. Unexpectedly Segniliparus α-mycolates diverge into three subclasses based on large differences in carbon chain length with one bacterial culture producing mycolates that range from C58 to C100. Both the overall chain length (C100) and the chain length diversity (C42) are larger than previously seen for mycolic acid-producing organisms and provide direct chemical evidence for assignment of Segniliparus as a distinct genus. Yet, electron microscopy shows that the long and diverse mycolates pack into a typical appearing membrane. Therefore, these new and unexpected extremes of mycolic acid chemical structure raise questions about the modes of mycolic acid packing and folding into a membrane.
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spelling pubmed-33752452012-06-20 Ultralong C100 Mycolic Acids Support the Assignment of Segniliparus as a New Bacterial Genus Hong, Sunhee Cheng, Tan-Yun Layre, Emilie Sweet, Lindsay Young, David C. Posey, James E. Butler, W. Ray Moody, D. Branch PLoS One Research Article Mycolic acid-producing bacteria isolated from the respiratory tract of human and non-human mammals were recently assigned as a distinct genus, Segniliparus, because they diverge from rhodococci and mycobacteria in genetic and chemical features. Using high accuracy mass spectrometry, we determined the chemical composition of 65 homologous mycolic acids in two Segniliparus species and separately analyzed the three subclasses to measure relative chain length, number and stereochemistry of unsaturations and cyclopropyl groups within each class. Whereas mycobacterial mycolate subclasses are distinguished from one another by R groups on the meromycolate chain, Segniliparus species synthesize solely non-oxygenated α-mycolates with high levels of cis unsaturation. Unexpectedly Segniliparus α-mycolates diverge into three subclasses based on large differences in carbon chain length with one bacterial culture producing mycolates that range from C58 to C100. Both the overall chain length (C100) and the chain length diversity (C42) are larger than previously seen for mycolic acid-producing organisms and provide direct chemical evidence for assignment of Segniliparus as a distinct genus. Yet, electron microscopy shows that the long and diverse mycolates pack into a typical appearing membrane. Therefore, these new and unexpected extremes of mycolic acid chemical structure raise questions about the modes of mycolic acid packing and folding into a membrane. Public Library of Science 2012-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC3375245/ /pubmed/22720018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039017 Text en This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.
spellingShingle Research Article
Hong, Sunhee
Cheng, Tan-Yun
Layre, Emilie
Sweet, Lindsay
Young, David C.
Posey, James E.
Butler, W. Ray
Moody, D. Branch
Ultralong C100 Mycolic Acids Support the Assignment of Segniliparus as a New Bacterial Genus
title Ultralong C100 Mycolic Acids Support the Assignment of Segniliparus as a New Bacterial Genus
title_full Ultralong C100 Mycolic Acids Support the Assignment of Segniliparus as a New Bacterial Genus
title_fullStr Ultralong C100 Mycolic Acids Support the Assignment of Segniliparus as a New Bacterial Genus
title_full_unstemmed Ultralong C100 Mycolic Acids Support the Assignment of Segniliparus as a New Bacterial Genus
title_short Ultralong C100 Mycolic Acids Support the Assignment of Segniliparus as a New Bacterial Genus
title_sort ultralong c100 mycolic acids support the assignment of segniliparus as a new bacterial genus
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3375245/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22720018
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039017
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