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Local Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Increases in the Microcirculation during Leukocytes-Endothelial Cell Interactions
Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and leukocyte activation are important factors for vascular diseases including nephropathy, retinopathy and angiopathy. In addition, endothelial cell dysfunction is reported in vascular disease condition. Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by increased s...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3375306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22719984 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038912 |
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author | Kar, Saptarshi Kavdia, Mahendra |
author_facet | Kar, Saptarshi Kavdia, Mahendra |
author_sort | Kar, Saptarshi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and leukocyte activation are important factors for vascular diseases including nephropathy, retinopathy and angiopathy. In addition, endothelial cell dysfunction is reported in vascular disease condition. Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by increased superoxide (O(2) (•−)) production from endothelium and reduction in NO bioavailability. Experimental studies have suggested a possible role for leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in the vessel NO and peroxynitrite levels and their role in vascular disorders in the arterial side of microcirculation. However, anti-adhesion therapies for preventing leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction related vascular disorders showed limited success. The endothelial dysfunction related changes in vessel NO and peroxynitrite levels, leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction and leukocyte activation are not completely understood in vascular disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of endothelial dysfunction extent, leukocyte-endothelial interaction, leukocyte activation and superoxide dismutase therapy on the transport and interactions of NO, O(2) (•−) and peroxynitrite in the microcirculation. We developed a biotransport model of NO, O(2) (•−) and peroxynitrite in the arteriolar microcirculation and incorporated leukocytes-endothelial cell interactions. The concentration profiles of NO, O(2) (•−) and peroxynitrite within blood vessel and leukocytes are presented at multiple levels of endothelial oxidative stress with leukocyte activation and increased superoxide dismutase accounted for in certain cases. The results showed that the maximum concentrations of NO decreased ∼0.6 fold, O(2) (•−) increased ∼27 fold and peroxynitrite increased ∼30 fold in the endothelial and smooth muscle region in severe oxidative stress condition as compared to that of normal physiologic conditions. The results show that the onset of endothelial oxidative stress can cause an increase in O(2) (•−) and peroxynitrite concentration in the lumen. The increased O(2) (•−) and peroxynitrite can cause leukocytes priming through peroxynitrite and leukocytes activation through secondary stimuli of O(2) (•−) in bloodstream without endothelial interaction. This finding supports that leukocyte rolling/adhesion and activation are independent events. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3375306 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33753062012-06-20 Local Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Increases in the Microcirculation during Leukocytes-Endothelial Cell Interactions Kar, Saptarshi Kavdia, Mahendra PLoS One Research Article Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and leukocyte activation are important factors for vascular diseases including nephropathy, retinopathy and angiopathy. In addition, endothelial cell dysfunction is reported in vascular disease condition. Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by increased superoxide (O(2) (•−)) production from endothelium and reduction in NO bioavailability. Experimental studies have suggested a possible role for leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in the vessel NO and peroxynitrite levels and their role in vascular disorders in the arterial side of microcirculation. However, anti-adhesion therapies for preventing leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction related vascular disorders showed limited success. The endothelial dysfunction related changes in vessel NO and peroxynitrite levels, leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction and leukocyte activation are not completely understood in vascular disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of endothelial dysfunction extent, leukocyte-endothelial interaction, leukocyte activation and superoxide dismutase therapy on the transport and interactions of NO, O(2) (•−) and peroxynitrite in the microcirculation. We developed a biotransport model of NO, O(2) (•−) and peroxynitrite in the arteriolar microcirculation and incorporated leukocytes-endothelial cell interactions. The concentration profiles of NO, O(2) (•−) and peroxynitrite within blood vessel and leukocytes are presented at multiple levels of endothelial oxidative stress with leukocyte activation and increased superoxide dismutase accounted for in certain cases. The results showed that the maximum concentrations of NO decreased ∼0.6 fold, O(2) (•−) increased ∼27 fold and peroxynitrite increased ∼30 fold in the endothelial and smooth muscle region in severe oxidative stress condition as compared to that of normal physiologic conditions. The results show that the onset of endothelial oxidative stress can cause an increase in O(2) (•−) and peroxynitrite concentration in the lumen. The increased O(2) (•−) and peroxynitrite can cause leukocytes priming through peroxynitrite and leukocytes activation through secondary stimuli of O(2) (•−) in bloodstream without endothelial interaction. This finding supports that leukocyte rolling/adhesion and activation are independent events. Public Library of Science 2012-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC3375306/ /pubmed/22719984 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038912 Text en Kar, Kavdia. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Kar, Saptarshi Kavdia, Mahendra Local Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Increases in the Microcirculation during Leukocytes-Endothelial Cell Interactions |
title | Local Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Increases in the Microcirculation during Leukocytes-Endothelial Cell Interactions |
title_full | Local Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Increases in the Microcirculation during Leukocytes-Endothelial Cell Interactions |
title_fullStr | Local Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Increases in the Microcirculation during Leukocytes-Endothelial Cell Interactions |
title_full_unstemmed | Local Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Increases in the Microcirculation during Leukocytes-Endothelial Cell Interactions |
title_short | Local Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Increases in the Microcirculation during Leukocytes-Endothelial Cell Interactions |
title_sort | local oxidative and nitrosative stress increases in the microcirculation during leukocytes-endothelial cell interactions |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3375306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22719984 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038912 |
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