Cargando…

The Roles of Angiogenesis in Malignant Melanoma: Trends in Basic Science Research over the Last 100 Years

Blood vessels arose during evolution carrying oxygen and nutrients to distant organs via complex networks of blood vessels penetrating organs and tissues. Mammalian cells require oxygen and nutrients for survival, of which oxygen has a diffusion limit of 100 to 200 μm between cell and blood vessel....

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Dewing, D., Emmett, M., Pritchard Jones, R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: International Scholarly Research Network 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3376762/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22720169
http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/546927
_version_ 1782235863937187840
author Dewing, D.
Emmett, M.
Pritchard Jones, R.
author_facet Dewing, D.
Emmett, M.
Pritchard Jones, R.
author_sort Dewing, D.
collection PubMed
description Blood vessels arose during evolution carrying oxygen and nutrients to distant organs via complex networks of blood vessels penetrating organs and tissues. Mammalian cells require oxygen and nutrients for survival, of which oxygen has a diffusion limit of 100 to 200 μm between cell and blood vessel. For growth beyond this margin, cells must recruit new blood vessels, first by vasculogenesis, where embryonic vessels form from endothelial precursors, then angiogenesis which is the sprouting of interstitial tissue columns into the lumen of preexisting blood vessels. Angiogenesis occurs in many inflammatory diseases and in many malignant disease states, including over 90% of solid tumours. Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most lethal skin cancer, highly angiogenic, highly metastatic, and refractory to all treatments. Raised serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) strongly correlate MM disease progression and poor prognosis. Melanoma cells secrete several proangiogenic cytokines including VEGF-A, fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), platelet growth factor (PGF-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and transforming growth factor (TGF-1) that modulate the angiogenic switch, changing expression levels during tumour transition from radial to invasive vertical and then metastatic growth. We highlight modern and historical lines of research and development that are driving this exciting area of research currently.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3376762
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2012
publisher International Scholarly Research Network
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-33767622012-06-20 The Roles of Angiogenesis in Malignant Melanoma: Trends in Basic Science Research over the Last 100 Years Dewing, D. Emmett, M. Pritchard Jones, R. ISRN Oncol Review Article Blood vessels arose during evolution carrying oxygen and nutrients to distant organs via complex networks of blood vessels penetrating organs and tissues. Mammalian cells require oxygen and nutrients for survival, of which oxygen has a diffusion limit of 100 to 200 μm between cell and blood vessel. For growth beyond this margin, cells must recruit new blood vessels, first by vasculogenesis, where embryonic vessels form from endothelial precursors, then angiogenesis which is the sprouting of interstitial tissue columns into the lumen of preexisting blood vessels. Angiogenesis occurs in many inflammatory diseases and in many malignant disease states, including over 90% of solid tumours. Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most lethal skin cancer, highly angiogenic, highly metastatic, and refractory to all treatments. Raised serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) strongly correlate MM disease progression and poor prognosis. Melanoma cells secrete several proangiogenic cytokines including VEGF-A, fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), platelet growth factor (PGF-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and transforming growth factor (TGF-1) that modulate the angiogenic switch, changing expression levels during tumour transition from radial to invasive vertical and then metastatic growth. We highlight modern and historical lines of research and development that are driving this exciting area of research currently. International Scholarly Research Network 2012-06-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3376762/ /pubmed/22720169 http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/546927 Text en Copyright © 2012 D. Dewing et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Dewing, D.
Emmett, M.
Pritchard Jones, R.
The Roles of Angiogenesis in Malignant Melanoma: Trends in Basic Science Research over the Last 100 Years
title The Roles of Angiogenesis in Malignant Melanoma: Trends in Basic Science Research over the Last 100 Years
title_full The Roles of Angiogenesis in Malignant Melanoma: Trends in Basic Science Research over the Last 100 Years
title_fullStr The Roles of Angiogenesis in Malignant Melanoma: Trends in Basic Science Research over the Last 100 Years
title_full_unstemmed The Roles of Angiogenesis in Malignant Melanoma: Trends in Basic Science Research over the Last 100 Years
title_short The Roles of Angiogenesis in Malignant Melanoma: Trends in Basic Science Research over the Last 100 Years
title_sort roles of angiogenesis in malignant melanoma: trends in basic science research over the last 100 years
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3376762/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22720169
http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/546927
work_keys_str_mv AT dewingd therolesofangiogenesisinmalignantmelanomatrendsinbasicscienceresearchoverthelast100years
AT emmettm therolesofangiogenesisinmalignantmelanomatrendsinbasicscienceresearchoverthelast100years
AT pritchardjonesr therolesofangiogenesisinmalignantmelanomatrendsinbasicscienceresearchoverthelast100years
AT dewingd rolesofangiogenesisinmalignantmelanomatrendsinbasicscienceresearchoverthelast100years
AT emmettm rolesofangiogenesisinmalignantmelanomatrendsinbasicscienceresearchoverthelast100years
AT pritchardjonesr rolesofangiogenesisinmalignantmelanomatrendsinbasicscienceresearchoverthelast100years