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Silencing of toxic gene expression by Fis
Bacteria and bacteriophages have evolved DNA modification as a strategy to protect their genomes. Mom protein of bacteriophage Mu modifies the phage DNA, rendering it refractile to numerous restriction enzymes and in turn enabling the phage to successfully invade a variety of hosts. A strong fortifi...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3378877/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22287621 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks037 |
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author | Karambelkar, Shweta Swapna, Ganduri Nagaraja, Valakunja |
author_facet | Karambelkar, Shweta Swapna, Ganduri Nagaraja, Valakunja |
author_sort | Karambelkar, Shweta |
collection | PubMed |
description | Bacteria and bacteriophages have evolved DNA modification as a strategy to protect their genomes. Mom protein of bacteriophage Mu modifies the phage DNA, rendering it refractile to numerous restriction enzymes and in turn enabling the phage to successfully invade a variety of hosts. A strong fortification, a combined activity of the phage and host factors, prevents untimely expression of mom and associated toxic effects. Here, we identify the bacterial chromatin architectural protein Fis as an additional player in this crowded regulatory cascade. Both in vivo and in vitro studies described here indicate that Fis acts as a transcriptional repressor of mom promoter. Further, our data shows that Fis mediates its repressive effect by denying access to RNA polymerase at mom promoter. We propose that a combined repressive effect of Fis and previously characterized negative regulatory factors could be responsible to keep the gene silenced most of the time. We thus present a new facet of Fis function in Mu biology. In addition to bringing about overall downregulation of Mu genome, it also ensures silencing of the advantageous but potentially lethal mom gene. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3378877 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33788772012-06-20 Silencing of toxic gene expression by Fis Karambelkar, Shweta Swapna, Ganduri Nagaraja, Valakunja Nucleic Acids Res Gene Regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics Bacteria and bacteriophages have evolved DNA modification as a strategy to protect their genomes. Mom protein of bacteriophage Mu modifies the phage DNA, rendering it refractile to numerous restriction enzymes and in turn enabling the phage to successfully invade a variety of hosts. A strong fortification, a combined activity of the phage and host factors, prevents untimely expression of mom and associated toxic effects. Here, we identify the bacterial chromatin architectural protein Fis as an additional player in this crowded regulatory cascade. Both in vivo and in vitro studies described here indicate that Fis acts as a transcriptional repressor of mom promoter. Further, our data shows that Fis mediates its repressive effect by denying access to RNA polymerase at mom promoter. We propose that a combined repressive effect of Fis and previously characterized negative regulatory factors could be responsible to keep the gene silenced most of the time. We thus present a new facet of Fis function in Mu biology. In addition to bringing about overall downregulation of Mu genome, it also ensures silencing of the advantageous but potentially lethal mom gene. Oxford University Press 2012-05 2012-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3378877/ /pubmed/22287621 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks037 Text en © The Author(s) 2012. Published by Oxford University Press. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Gene Regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics Karambelkar, Shweta Swapna, Ganduri Nagaraja, Valakunja Silencing of toxic gene expression by Fis |
title | Silencing of toxic gene expression by Fis |
title_full | Silencing of toxic gene expression by Fis |
title_fullStr | Silencing of toxic gene expression by Fis |
title_full_unstemmed | Silencing of toxic gene expression by Fis |
title_short | Silencing of toxic gene expression by Fis |
title_sort | silencing of toxic gene expression by fis |
topic | Gene Regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3378877/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22287621 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks037 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT karambelkarshweta silencingoftoxicgeneexpressionbyfis AT swapnaganduri silencingoftoxicgeneexpressionbyfis AT nagarajavalakunja silencingoftoxicgeneexpressionbyfis |