Cargando…

Microtubule-dependent path to the cell cortex for cytoplasmic dynein in mitotic spindle orientation

During animal development, microtubules (MTs) play a major role in directing cellular and subcellular patterning, impacting cell polarization and subcellular organization, thereby affecting cell fate determination and tissue architecture. In particular, when progenitor cells divide asymmetrically al...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Markus, Steven M., Lee, Wei-Lih
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Landes Bioscience 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3384571/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22754610
http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/bioa.18103
_version_ 1782236720148774912
author Markus, Steven M.
Lee, Wei-Lih
author_facet Markus, Steven M.
Lee, Wei-Lih
author_sort Markus, Steven M.
collection PubMed
description During animal development, microtubules (MTs) play a major role in directing cellular and subcellular patterning, impacting cell polarization and subcellular organization, thereby affecting cell fate determination and tissue architecture. In particular, when progenitor cells divide asymmetrically along an anterior-posterior or apical-basal axis, MTs must coordinate the position of the mitotic spindle with the site of cell division to ensure normal distribution of cell fate determinants and equal sequestration of genetic material into the two daughter cells. Emerging data from diverse model systems have led to the prevailing view that, during mitotic spindle positioning, polarity cues at the cell cortex signal for the recruitment of NuMA and the minus-end directed MT motor cytoplasmic dynein.(1) The NuMA/dynein complex is believed to connect, in turn, to the mitotic spindle via astral MTs, thus aligning and tethering the spindle, but how this connection is achieved faithfully is unclear. Do astral MTs need to search for and then capture cortical NuMA/dynein? How does dynein capture the astral MTs emanating from the correct spindle pole? Recently, using the classical model of asymmetric cell division—budding yeast S. cerevisiae—we successfully demonstrated that astral MTs assume an active role in cortical dynein targeting, in that astral MTs utilize their distal plus ends to deliver dynein to the daughter cell cortex, the site where dynein activity is needed to perform its spindle alignment function. This observation introduced the novel idea that, during mitotic spindle orientation processes, polarity cues at the cell cortex may actually signal to prime the cortical receptors for MT-dependent dynein delivery. This model is consistent with the observation that dynein/dynactin accumulate prominently at the astral MT plus ends during metaphase in a wide range of cultured mammalian cells.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3384571
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2011
publisher Landes Bioscience
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-33845712012-06-29 Microtubule-dependent path to the cell cortex for cytoplasmic dynein in mitotic spindle orientation Markus, Steven M. Lee, Wei-Lih Bioarchitecture Perspective During animal development, microtubules (MTs) play a major role in directing cellular and subcellular patterning, impacting cell polarization and subcellular organization, thereby affecting cell fate determination and tissue architecture. In particular, when progenitor cells divide asymmetrically along an anterior-posterior or apical-basal axis, MTs must coordinate the position of the mitotic spindle with the site of cell division to ensure normal distribution of cell fate determinants and equal sequestration of genetic material into the two daughter cells. Emerging data from diverse model systems have led to the prevailing view that, during mitotic spindle positioning, polarity cues at the cell cortex signal for the recruitment of NuMA and the minus-end directed MT motor cytoplasmic dynein.(1) The NuMA/dynein complex is believed to connect, in turn, to the mitotic spindle via astral MTs, thus aligning and tethering the spindle, but how this connection is achieved faithfully is unclear. Do astral MTs need to search for and then capture cortical NuMA/dynein? How does dynein capture the astral MTs emanating from the correct spindle pole? Recently, using the classical model of asymmetric cell division—budding yeast S. cerevisiae—we successfully demonstrated that astral MTs assume an active role in cortical dynein targeting, in that astral MTs utilize their distal plus ends to deliver dynein to the daughter cell cortex, the site where dynein activity is needed to perform its spindle alignment function. This observation introduced the novel idea that, during mitotic spindle orientation processes, polarity cues at the cell cortex may actually signal to prime the cortical receptors for MT-dependent dynein delivery. This model is consistent with the observation that dynein/dynactin accumulate prominently at the astral MT plus ends during metaphase in a wide range of cultured mammalian cells. Landes Bioscience 2011-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3384571/ /pubmed/22754610 http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/bioa.18103 Text en Copyright © 2011 Landes Bioscience http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open-access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License. The article may be redistributed, reproduced, and reused for non-commercial purposes, provided the original source is properly cited.
spellingShingle Perspective
Markus, Steven M.
Lee, Wei-Lih
Microtubule-dependent path to the cell cortex for cytoplasmic dynein in mitotic spindle orientation
title Microtubule-dependent path to the cell cortex for cytoplasmic dynein in mitotic spindle orientation
title_full Microtubule-dependent path to the cell cortex for cytoplasmic dynein in mitotic spindle orientation
title_fullStr Microtubule-dependent path to the cell cortex for cytoplasmic dynein in mitotic spindle orientation
title_full_unstemmed Microtubule-dependent path to the cell cortex for cytoplasmic dynein in mitotic spindle orientation
title_short Microtubule-dependent path to the cell cortex for cytoplasmic dynein in mitotic spindle orientation
title_sort microtubule-dependent path to the cell cortex for cytoplasmic dynein in mitotic spindle orientation
topic Perspective
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3384571/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22754610
http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/bioa.18103
work_keys_str_mv AT markusstevenm microtubuledependentpathtothecellcortexforcytoplasmicdyneininmitoticspindleorientation
AT leeweilih microtubuledependentpathtothecellcortexforcytoplasmicdyneininmitoticspindleorientation