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Prenatal and Postnatal Schizencephaly Findings by 2D and 3D Ultrasound: Pictorial Essay

Schizencephaly is a brain-destructive lesion relating to clefts in the fetal brain that usually communicate with the ventricular system, subarachnoid space, or both. It presents as two types: Type I (closed) and Type II (open). During pregnancy, it may be suspected in the course of ultrasonography,...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rios, Lívia Teresa Moreira, Araujo, Edward, Nardozza, Luciano Marcondes Machado, Caetano, Ana Carolina Rabachini, Moron, Antonio Fernandes, Martins, Marília da Glória
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3385504/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22754744
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.96546
Descripción
Sumario:Schizencephaly is a brain-destructive lesion relating to clefts in the fetal brain that usually communicate with the ventricular system, subarachnoid space, or both. It presents as two types: Type I (closed) and Type II (open). During pregnancy, it may be suspected in the course of ultrasonography, which highlights ventricular dilatation and brain abnormalities. Usually, the diagnosis is confirmed postnatally using trans-fontanel ultrasonography. The etiology of schizencephaly is still unknown, but it may be derived from a primary disorder of brain development or from bilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion. Many causative agents including vascular insult, infections, toxins, and medications have been associated with this malformation. We present a pictorial essay of six cases of schizencephaly that were suspected on prenatal ultrasound scans and confirmed postnatally by trans-fontanel, two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonography.