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Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape

The past decade has witnessed the evolvement of cancer immunotherapy as an increasingly effective therapeutic modality, evidenced by the approval of two immune-based products by the FDA, that is, the cancer vaccine Provenge (sipuleucel-T) for prostate cancer and the antagonist antibody against cytot...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zhou, Gang, Levitsky, Hyam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3386616/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22778760
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/124187
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author Zhou, Gang
Levitsky, Hyam
author_facet Zhou, Gang
Levitsky, Hyam
author_sort Zhou, Gang
collection PubMed
description The past decade has witnessed the evolvement of cancer immunotherapy as an increasingly effective therapeutic modality, evidenced by the approval of two immune-based products by the FDA, that is, the cancer vaccine Provenge (sipuleucel-T) for prostate cancer and the antagonist antibody against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) ipilimumab for advanced melanoma. In addition, the clinical evaluations of a variety of promising immunotherapy drugs are well under way. Benefiting from more efficacious immunotherapeutic agents and treatment strategies, a number of recent clinical studies have achieved unprecedented therapeutic outcomes in some patients with certain types of cancers. Despite these advances, however, the efficacy of most cancer immunotherapies currently under clinical development has been modest. A recurring scenario is that therapeutic maneuvers initially led to measurable antitumor immune responses in cancer patients but ultimately failed to improve patient outcomes. It is increasingly recognized that tumor cells can antagonize therapy-induced immune attacks through a variety of counterregulation mechanisms, which represent a fundamental barrier to the success of cancer immunotherapy. Herein we summarize the findings from some recent preclinical and clinical studies, focusing on how tumor cells advance their survival and expansion by hijacking therapy-induced immune effector mechanisms that would otherwise mediate their destruction.
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spelling pubmed-33866162012-07-09 Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape Zhou, Gang Levitsky, Hyam Clin Dev Immunol Review Article The past decade has witnessed the evolvement of cancer immunotherapy as an increasingly effective therapeutic modality, evidenced by the approval of two immune-based products by the FDA, that is, the cancer vaccine Provenge (sipuleucel-T) for prostate cancer and the antagonist antibody against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) ipilimumab for advanced melanoma. In addition, the clinical evaluations of a variety of promising immunotherapy drugs are well under way. Benefiting from more efficacious immunotherapeutic agents and treatment strategies, a number of recent clinical studies have achieved unprecedented therapeutic outcomes in some patients with certain types of cancers. Despite these advances, however, the efficacy of most cancer immunotherapies currently under clinical development has been modest. A recurring scenario is that therapeutic maneuvers initially led to measurable antitumor immune responses in cancer patients but ultimately failed to improve patient outcomes. It is increasingly recognized that tumor cells can antagonize therapy-induced immune attacks through a variety of counterregulation mechanisms, which represent a fundamental barrier to the success of cancer immunotherapy. Herein we summarize the findings from some recent preclinical and clinical studies, focusing on how tumor cells advance their survival and expansion by hijacking therapy-induced immune effector mechanisms that would otherwise mediate their destruction. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3386616/ /pubmed/22778760 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/124187 Text en Copyright © 2012 G. Zhou and H. Levitsky. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Zhou, Gang
Levitsky, Hyam
Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape
title Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape
title_full Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape
title_fullStr Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape
title_full_unstemmed Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape
title_short Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape
title_sort towards curative cancer immunotherapy: overcoming posttherapy tumor escape
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3386616/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22778760
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/124187
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