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Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape
The past decade has witnessed the evolvement of cancer immunotherapy as an increasingly effective therapeutic modality, evidenced by the approval of two immune-based products by the FDA, that is, the cancer vaccine Provenge (sipuleucel-T) for prostate cancer and the antagonist antibody against cytot...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3386616/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22778760 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/124187 |
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author | Zhou, Gang Levitsky, Hyam |
author_facet | Zhou, Gang Levitsky, Hyam |
author_sort | Zhou, Gang |
collection | PubMed |
description | The past decade has witnessed the evolvement of cancer immunotherapy as an increasingly effective therapeutic modality, evidenced by the approval of two immune-based products by the FDA, that is, the cancer vaccine Provenge (sipuleucel-T) for prostate cancer and the antagonist antibody against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) ipilimumab for advanced melanoma. In addition, the clinical evaluations of a variety of promising immunotherapy drugs are well under way. Benefiting from more efficacious immunotherapeutic agents and treatment strategies, a number of recent clinical studies have achieved unprecedented therapeutic outcomes in some patients with certain types of cancers. Despite these advances, however, the efficacy of most cancer immunotherapies currently under clinical development has been modest. A recurring scenario is that therapeutic maneuvers initially led to measurable antitumor immune responses in cancer patients but ultimately failed to improve patient outcomes. It is increasingly recognized that tumor cells can antagonize therapy-induced immune attacks through a variety of counterregulation mechanisms, which represent a fundamental barrier to the success of cancer immunotherapy. Herein we summarize the findings from some recent preclinical and clinical studies, focusing on how tumor cells advance their survival and expansion by hijacking therapy-induced immune effector mechanisms that would otherwise mediate their destruction. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3386616 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33866162012-07-09 Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape Zhou, Gang Levitsky, Hyam Clin Dev Immunol Review Article The past decade has witnessed the evolvement of cancer immunotherapy as an increasingly effective therapeutic modality, evidenced by the approval of two immune-based products by the FDA, that is, the cancer vaccine Provenge (sipuleucel-T) for prostate cancer and the antagonist antibody against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) ipilimumab for advanced melanoma. In addition, the clinical evaluations of a variety of promising immunotherapy drugs are well under way. Benefiting from more efficacious immunotherapeutic agents and treatment strategies, a number of recent clinical studies have achieved unprecedented therapeutic outcomes in some patients with certain types of cancers. Despite these advances, however, the efficacy of most cancer immunotherapies currently under clinical development has been modest. A recurring scenario is that therapeutic maneuvers initially led to measurable antitumor immune responses in cancer patients but ultimately failed to improve patient outcomes. It is increasingly recognized that tumor cells can antagonize therapy-induced immune attacks through a variety of counterregulation mechanisms, which represent a fundamental barrier to the success of cancer immunotherapy. Herein we summarize the findings from some recent preclinical and clinical studies, focusing on how tumor cells advance their survival and expansion by hijacking therapy-induced immune effector mechanisms that would otherwise mediate their destruction. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3386616/ /pubmed/22778760 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/124187 Text en Copyright © 2012 G. Zhou and H. Levitsky. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Zhou, Gang Levitsky, Hyam Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape |
title | Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape |
title_full | Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape |
title_fullStr | Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape |
title_full_unstemmed | Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape |
title_short | Towards Curative Cancer Immunotherapy: Overcoming Posttherapy Tumor Escape |
title_sort | towards curative cancer immunotherapy: overcoming posttherapy tumor escape |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3386616/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22778760 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/124187 |
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