Cargando…
Updating Fearful Memories with Extinction Training during Reconsolidation: A Human Study Using Auditory Aversive Stimuli
Learning to fear danger in the environment is essential to survival, but dysregulation of the fear system is at the core of many anxiety disorders. As a consequence, a great interest has emerged in developing strategies for suppressing fear memories in maladaptive cases. Recent research has focused...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2012
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3387215/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22768048 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038849 |
_version_ | 1782237076678246400 |
---|---|
author | Oyarzún, Javiera P. Lopez-Barroso, Diana Fuentemilla, Lluís Cucurell, David Pedraza, Carmen Rodriguez-Fornells, Antoni de Diego-Balaguer, Ruth |
author_facet | Oyarzún, Javiera P. Lopez-Barroso, Diana Fuentemilla, Lluís Cucurell, David Pedraza, Carmen Rodriguez-Fornells, Antoni de Diego-Balaguer, Ruth |
author_sort | Oyarzún, Javiera P. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Learning to fear danger in the environment is essential to survival, but dysregulation of the fear system is at the core of many anxiety disorders. As a consequence, a great interest has emerged in developing strategies for suppressing fear memories in maladaptive cases. Recent research has focused in the process of reconsolidation where memories become labile after being retrieved. In a behavioral manipulation, Schiller et al., (2010) reported that extinction training, administrated during memory reconsolidation, could erase fear responses. The implications of this study are crucial for the possible treatment of anxiety disorders without the administration of drugs. However, attempts to replicate this effect by other groups have been so far unsuccessful. We sought out to reproduce Schiller et al., (2010) findings in a different fear conditioning paradigm based on auditory aversive stimuli instead of electric shock. Following a within-subject design, participants were conditioned to two different sounds and skin conductance response (SCR) was recorded as a measure of fear. Our results demonstrated that only the conditioned stimulus that was reminded 10 minutes before extinction training did not reinstate a fear response after a reminder trial consisting of the presentation of the unconditioned stimuli. For the first time, we replicated Schiller et al., (2010) behavioral manipulation and extended it to an auditory fear conditioning paradigm. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3387215 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-33872152012-07-05 Updating Fearful Memories with Extinction Training during Reconsolidation: A Human Study Using Auditory Aversive Stimuli Oyarzún, Javiera P. Lopez-Barroso, Diana Fuentemilla, Lluís Cucurell, David Pedraza, Carmen Rodriguez-Fornells, Antoni de Diego-Balaguer, Ruth PLoS One Research Article Learning to fear danger in the environment is essential to survival, but dysregulation of the fear system is at the core of many anxiety disorders. As a consequence, a great interest has emerged in developing strategies for suppressing fear memories in maladaptive cases. Recent research has focused in the process of reconsolidation where memories become labile after being retrieved. In a behavioral manipulation, Schiller et al., (2010) reported that extinction training, administrated during memory reconsolidation, could erase fear responses. The implications of this study are crucial for the possible treatment of anxiety disorders without the administration of drugs. However, attempts to replicate this effect by other groups have been so far unsuccessful. We sought out to reproduce Schiller et al., (2010) findings in a different fear conditioning paradigm based on auditory aversive stimuli instead of electric shock. Following a within-subject design, participants were conditioned to two different sounds and skin conductance response (SCR) was recorded as a measure of fear. Our results demonstrated that only the conditioned stimulus that was reminded 10 minutes before extinction training did not reinstate a fear response after a reminder trial consisting of the presentation of the unconditioned stimuli. For the first time, we replicated Schiller et al., (2010) behavioral manipulation and extended it to an auditory fear conditioning paradigm. Public Library of Science 2012-06-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3387215/ /pubmed/22768048 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038849 Text en Oyarzún et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Oyarzún, Javiera P. Lopez-Barroso, Diana Fuentemilla, Lluís Cucurell, David Pedraza, Carmen Rodriguez-Fornells, Antoni de Diego-Balaguer, Ruth Updating Fearful Memories with Extinction Training during Reconsolidation: A Human Study Using Auditory Aversive Stimuli |
title | Updating Fearful Memories with Extinction Training during Reconsolidation: A Human Study Using Auditory Aversive Stimuli |
title_full | Updating Fearful Memories with Extinction Training during Reconsolidation: A Human Study Using Auditory Aversive Stimuli |
title_fullStr | Updating Fearful Memories with Extinction Training during Reconsolidation: A Human Study Using Auditory Aversive Stimuli |
title_full_unstemmed | Updating Fearful Memories with Extinction Training during Reconsolidation: A Human Study Using Auditory Aversive Stimuli |
title_short | Updating Fearful Memories with Extinction Training during Reconsolidation: A Human Study Using Auditory Aversive Stimuli |
title_sort | updating fearful memories with extinction training during reconsolidation: a human study using auditory aversive stimuli |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3387215/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22768048 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038849 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT oyarzunjavierap updatingfearfulmemorieswithextinctiontrainingduringreconsolidationahumanstudyusingauditoryaversivestimuli AT lopezbarrosodiana updatingfearfulmemorieswithextinctiontrainingduringreconsolidationahumanstudyusingauditoryaversivestimuli AT fuentemillalluis updatingfearfulmemorieswithextinctiontrainingduringreconsolidationahumanstudyusingauditoryaversivestimuli AT cucurelldavid updatingfearfulmemorieswithextinctiontrainingduringreconsolidationahumanstudyusingauditoryaversivestimuli AT pedrazacarmen updatingfearfulmemorieswithextinctiontrainingduringreconsolidationahumanstudyusingauditoryaversivestimuli AT rodriguezfornellsantoni updatingfearfulmemorieswithextinctiontrainingduringreconsolidationahumanstudyusingauditoryaversivestimuli AT dediegobalaguerruth updatingfearfulmemorieswithextinctiontrainingduringreconsolidationahumanstudyusingauditoryaversivestimuli |