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Update on the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily

Members of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily play an important role in the enzymic detoxification of endogenous and exogenous aldehydes and in the formation of molecules that are important in cellular processes, like retinoic acid, betaine and gamma-aminobutyric acid. ALDHs exhibit...

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Autores principales: Jackson, Brian, Brocker, Chad, Thompson, David C, Black, William, Vasiliou, Konstandinos, Nebert, Daniel W, Vasiliou, Vasilis
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3392178/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21712190
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-7364-5-4-283
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author Jackson, Brian
Brocker, Chad
Thompson, David C
Black, William
Vasiliou, Konstandinos
Nebert, Daniel W
Vasiliou, Vasilis
author_facet Jackson, Brian
Brocker, Chad
Thompson, David C
Black, William
Vasiliou, Konstandinos
Nebert, Daniel W
Vasiliou, Vasilis
author_sort Jackson, Brian
collection PubMed
description Members of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily play an important role in the enzymic detoxification of endogenous and exogenous aldehydes and in the formation of molecules that are important in cellular processes, like retinoic acid, betaine and gamma-aminobutyric acid. ALDHs exhibit additional, non-enzymic functions, including the capacity to bind to some hormones and other small molecules and to diminish the effects of ultraviolet irradiation in the cornea. Mutations in ALDH genes leading to defective aldehyde metabolism are the molecular basis of several diseases, including gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria, pyridoxine-dependent seizures, Sjögren-Larsson syndrome and type II hyperprolinaemia. Interestingly, several ALDH enzymes appear to be markers for normal and cancer stem cells. The superfamily is evolutionarily ancient and is represented within Archaea, Eubacteria and Eukarya taxa. Recent improvements in DNA and protein sequencing have led to the identification of many new ALDH family members. To date, the human genome contains 19 known ALDH genes, as well as many pseudogenes. Whole-genome sequencing allows for comparison of the entire complement of ALDH family members among organisms. This paper provides an update of ALDH genes in several recently sequenced vertebrates and aims to clarify the associated records found in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) gene database. It also highlights where and when likely gene-duplication and gene-loss events have occurred. This information should be useful to future studies that might wish to compare the role of ALDH members among species and how the gene superfamily as a whole has changed throughout evolution.
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spelling pubmed-33921782012-07-09 Update on the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily Jackson, Brian Brocker, Chad Thompson, David C Black, William Vasiliou, Konstandinos Nebert, Daniel W Vasiliou, Vasilis Hum Genomics Genome Update Members of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily play an important role in the enzymic detoxification of endogenous and exogenous aldehydes and in the formation of molecules that are important in cellular processes, like retinoic acid, betaine and gamma-aminobutyric acid. ALDHs exhibit additional, non-enzymic functions, including the capacity to bind to some hormones and other small molecules and to diminish the effects of ultraviolet irradiation in the cornea. Mutations in ALDH genes leading to defective aldehyde metabolism are the molecular basis of several diseases, including gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria, pyridoxine-dependent seizures, Sjögren-Larsson syndrome and type II hyperprolinaemia. Interestingly, several ALDH enzymes appear to be markers for normal and cancer stem cells. The superfamily is evolutionarily ancient and is represented within Archaea, Eubacteria and Eukarya taxa. Recent improvements in DNA and protein sequencing have led to the identification of many new ALDH family members. To date, the human genome contains 19 known ALDH genes, as well as many pseudogenes. Whole-genome sequencing allows for comparison of the entire complement of ALDH family members among organisms. This paper provides an update of ALDH genes in several recently sequenced vertebrates and aims to clarify the associated records found in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) gene database. It also highlights where and when likely gene-duplication and gene-loss events have occurred. This information should be useful to future studies that might wish to compare the role of ALDH members among species and how the gene superfamily as a whole has changed throughout evolution. BioMed Central 2011-05-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3392178/ /pubmed/21712190 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-7364-5-4-283 Text en Copyright ©2011 Henry Stewart Publications
spellingShingle Genome Update
Jackson, Brian
Brocker, Chad
Thompson, David C
Black, William
Vasiliou, Konstandinos
Nebert, Daniel W
Vasiliou, Vasilis
Update on the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily
title Update on the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily
title_full Update on the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily
title_fullStr Update on the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily
title_full_unstemmed Update on the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily
title_short Update on the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH) superfamily
title_sort update on the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (aldh) superfamily
topic Genome Update
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3392178/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21712190
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-7364-5-4-283
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