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Dietary Zinc Deficiency in Rodents: Effects on T-Cell Development, Maturation and Phenotypes

Zinc deficiency is one of the leading risk factors for developing disease and yet we do not have a clear understanding of the mechanisms behind the increased susceptibility to infection. This review will examine the interrelationships among the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal stress axis, p56(lck), a...

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Autores principales: Blewett, Heather J., Taylor, Carla G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3397346/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22822446
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu4060449
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author Blewett, Heather J.
Taylor, Carla G.
author_facet Blewett, Heather J.
Taylor, Carla G.
author_sort Blewett, Heather J.
collection PubMed
description Zinc deficiency is one of the leading risk factors for developing disease and yet we do not have a clear understanding of the mechanisms behind the increased susceptibility to infection. This review will examine the interrelationships among the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal stress axis, p56(lck), and T-cell maturation in both zinc deficiency and responses during zinc repletion. We will highlight differences between the adult mouse model (wasting malnutrition) and growing rat model (stunting malnutrition) of dietary zinc deficiency and discuss the use of various controls to separate out the effects of zinc deficiency from the associated malnutrition. Elevated serum corticosterone in both zinc deficient and pair-fed rats does not support the hypothesis that zinc deficiency per se leads to corticosterone-induced apoptosis and lymphopenia. In fact, the zinc deficient rat does not have lymphopenia. Thymocytes from zinc deficient mice and rats have elevated levels of p56(lck), a signalling protein with a zinc clasp structure, but this does not appear to affect thymocyte maturation. However, post-thymic T-cell maturation appears to be altered based on the lower proportion of splenic late thymic emigrants in zinc deficient rats. Fewer new T-cells in the periphery could adversely affect the T-cell repertoire and contribute to immunodeficiency in zinc deficiency.
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spelling pubmed-33973462012-07-20 Dietary Zinc Deficiency in Rodents: Effects on T-Cell Development, Maturation and Phenotypes Blewett, Heather J. Taylor, Carla G. Nutrients Review Zinc deficiency is one of the leading risk factors for developing disease and yet we do not have a clear understanding of the mechanisms behind the increased susceptibility to infection. This review will examine the interrelationships among the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal stress axis, p56(lck), and T-cell maturation in both zinc deficiency and responses during zinc repletion. We will highlight differences between the adult mouse model (wasting malnutrition) and growing rat model (stunting malnutrition) of dietary zinc deficiency and discuss the use of various controls to separate out the effects of zinc deficiency from the associated malnutrition. Elevated serum corticosterone in both zinc deficient and pair-fed rats does not support the hypothesis that zinc deficiency per se leads to corticosterone-induced apoptosis and lymphopenia. In fact, the zinc deficient rat does not have lymphopenia. Thymocytes from zinc deficient mice and rats have elevated levels of p56(lck), a signalling protein with a zinc clasp structure, but this does not appear to affect thymocyte maturation. However, post-thymic T-cell maturation appears to be altered based on the lower proportion of splenic late thymic emigrants in zinc deficient rats. Fewer new T-cells in the periphery could adversely affect the T-cell repertoire and contribute to immunodeficiency in zinc deficiency. MDPI 2012-06-06 /pmc/articles/PMC3397346/ /pubmed/22822446 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu4060449 Text en © 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Blewett, Heather J.
Taylor, Carla G.
Dietary Zinc Deficiency in Rodents: Effects on T-Cell Development, Maturation and Phenotypes
title Dietary Zinc Deficiency in Rodents: Effects on T-Cell Development, Maturation and Phenotypes
title_full Dietary Zinc Deficiency in Rodents: Effects on T-Cell Development, Maturation and Phenotypes
title_fullStr Dietary Zinc Deficiency in Rodents: Effects on T-Cell Development, Maturation and Phenotypes
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Zinc Deficiency in Rodents: Effects on T-Cell Development, Maturation and Phenotypes
title_short Dietary Zinc Deficiency in Rodents: Effects on T-Cell Development, Maturation and Phenotypes
title_sort dietary zinc deficiency in rodents: effects on t-cell development, maturation and phenotypes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3397346/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22822446
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu4060449
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