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On the Origin of Tremor in Parkinson’s Disease
The exact origin of tremor in Parkinson’s disease remains unknown. We explain why the existing data converge on the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop as a tremor generator and consider a conductance-based model of subthalamo-pallidal circuits embedded into a simplified representation of the basal...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3407214/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22848541 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041598 |
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author | Dovzhenok, Andrey Rubchinsky, Leonid L. |
author_facet | Dovzhenok, Andrey Rubchinsky, Leonid L. |
author_sort | Dovzhenok, Andrey |
collection | PubMed |
description | The exact origin of tremor in Parkinson’s disease remains unknown. We explain why the existing data converge on the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop as a tremor generator and consider a conductance-based model of subthalamo-pallidal circuits embedded into a simplified representation of the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuit to investigate the dynamics of this loop. We show how variation of the strength of dopamine-modulated connections in the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop (representing the decreasing dopamine level in Parkinson’s disease) leads to the occurrence of tremor-like burst firing. These tremor-like oscillations are suppressed when the connections are modulated back to represent a higher dopamine level (as it would be the case in dopaminergic therapy), as well as when the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop is broken (as would be the case for ablative anti-parkinsonian surgeries). Thus, the proposed model provides an explanation for the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop mechanism of tremor generation. The strengthening of the loop leads to tremor oscillations, while the weakening or disconnection of the loop suppresses them. The loop origin of parkinsonian tremor also suggests that new tremor-suppression therapies may have anatomical targets in different cortical and subcortical areas as long as they are within the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3407214 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34072142012-07-30 On the Origin of Tremor in Parkinson’s Disease Dovzhenok, Andrey Rubchinsky, Leonid L. PLoS One Research Article The exact origin of tremor in Parkinson’s disease remains unknown. We explain why the existing data converge on the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop as a tremor generator and consider a conductance-based model of subthalamo-pallidal circuits embedded into a simplified representation of the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuit to investigate the dynamics of this loop. We show how variation of the strength of dopamine-modulated connections in the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop (representing the decreasing dopamine level in Parkinson’s disease) leads to the occurrence of tremor-like burst firing. These tremor-like oscillations are suppressed when the connections are modulated back to represent a higher dopamine level (as it would be the case in dopaminergic therapy), as well as when the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop is broken (as would be the case for ablative anti-parkinsonian surgeries). Thus, the proposed model provides an explanation for the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop mechanism of tremor generation. The strengthening of the loop leads to tremor oscillations, while the weakening or disconnection of the loop suppresses them. The loop origin of parkinsonian tremor also suggests that new tremor-suppression therapies may have anatomical targets in different cortical and subcortical areas as long as they are within the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop. Public Library of Science 2012-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC3407214/ /pubmed/22848541 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041598 Text en © 2012 Dovzhenok, Rubchinsky http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Dovzhenok, Andrey Rubchinsky, Leonid L. On the Origin of Tremor in Parkinson’s Disease |
title | On the Origin of Tremor in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full | On the Origin of Tremor in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr | On the Origin of Tremor in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | On the Origin of Tremor in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short | On the Origin of Tremor in Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort | on the origin of tremor in parkinson’s disease |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3407214/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22848541 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041598 |
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