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Evaluation of Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) Urine-Tests for Diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Cameroon

BACKGROUND: The Kato-Katz is the most common diagnostic method for Schistosoma mansoni infection. However, the day-to-day variability in host egg-excretion and its low detection sensitivity are major limits for its use in low transmission zones and after widespread chemotherapy. We evaluated the acc...

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Autores principales: Tchuem Tchuenté, Louis-Albert, Kueté Fouodo, Césaire Joris, Kamwa Ngassam, Romuald Isaka, Sumo, Laurentine, Dongmo Noumedem, Calvine, Kenfack, Christian Mérimé, Gipwe, Nestor Feussom, Nana, Esther Dankoni, Stothard, J. Russell, Rollinson, David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3409114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22860148
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001758
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author Tchuem Tchuenté, Louis-Albert
Kueté Fouodo, Césaire Joris
Kamwa Ngassam, Romuald Isaka
Sumo, Laurentine
Dongmo Noumedem, Calvine
Kenfack, Christian Mérimé
Gipwe, Nestor Feussom
Nana, Esther Dankoni
Stothard, J. Russell
Rollinson, David
author_facet Tchuem Tchuenté, Louis-Albert
Kueté Fouodo, Césaire Joris
Kamwa Ngassam, Romuald Isaka
Sumo, Laurentine
Dongmo Noumedem, Calvine
Kenfack, Christian Mérimé
Gipwe, Nestor Feussom
Nana, Esther Dankoni
Stothard, J. Russell
Rollinson, David
author_sort Tchuem Tchuenté, Louis-Albert
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The Kato-Katz is the most common diagnostic method for Schistosoma mansoni infection. However, the day-to-day variability in host egg-excretion and its low detection sensitivity are major limits for its use in low transmission zones and after widespread chemotherapy. We evaluated the accuracy of circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) urine-assay as a diagnostic tool of S. mansoni. In comparison, a low sensitive CCA test (CCA-L) was assessed. METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted in three settings: two foci with single S. mansoni infections (settings A and B), and one mixed S. mansoni – S. haematobium focus (setting C). Stool and urine samples were collected from school-children on three consecutive days. Triplicate Kato-Katz readings were performed per stool sample. Each urine sample was tested with one CCA and only the first urine sample was subjected to CCA-L. Urine samples were also examined for S. haematobium eggs using the filtration method and for microhaematuria using urine reagent strips. Overall, 625 children provided three stool and three urine samples. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Considering nine Kato-Katz thick smears as ‘reference’ diagnostic test, the prevalence of S. mansoni was 36.2%, 71.8% and 64.0% in settings A, B and C, respectively. The prevalence of S. haematobium in setting C was 12.0%. The sensitivities of single Kato-Katz, CCA and CCA-L from the first stool or urine samples were 58%, 82% and 46% in setting A, 56.8%, 82.4% and 68.8% in setting B, and 49.0%, 87.7% and 55.5% in setting C. The respective specificities were 100%, 64.7% and 100%; 100%, 62.3% and 91.3%; and 100%, 42.5% and 92.0%. Mixed infection with S. haematobium did not influence the CCA test results for S. mansoni diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Urine CCA revealed higher sensitivity than CCA-L and triplicate Kato-Katz, and produced similar prevalence as nine Kato-Katz. It seems an attractive method for S. mansoni diagnosis.
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spelling pubmed-34091142012-08-02 Evaluation of Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) Urine-Tests for Diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Cameroon Tchuem Tchuenté, Louis-Albert Kueté Fouodo, Césaire Joris Kamwa Ngassam, Romuald Isaka Sumo, Laurentine Dongmo Noumedem, Calvine Kenfack, Christian Mérimé Gipwe, Nestor Feussom Nana, Esther Dankoni Stothard, J. Russell Rollinson, David PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: The Kato-Katz is the most common diagnostic method for Schistosoma mansoni infection. However, the day-to-day variability in host egg-excretion and its low detection sensitivity are major limits for its use in low transmission zones and after widespread chemotherapy. We evaluated the accuracy of circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) urine-assay as a diagnostic tool of S. mansoni. In comparison, a low sensitive CCA test (CCA-L) was assessed. METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted in three settings: two foci with single S. mansoni infections (settings A and B), and one mixed S. mansoni – S. haematobium focus (setting C). Stool and urine samples were collected from school-children on three consecutive days. Triplicate Kato-Katz readings were performed per stool sample. Each urine sample was tested with one CCA and only the first urine sample was subjected to CCA-L. Urine samples were also examined for S. haematobium eggs using the filtration method and for microhaematuria using urine reagent strips. Overall, 625 children provided three stool and three urine samples. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Considering nine Kato-Katz thick smears as ‘reference’ diagnostic test, the prevalence of S. mansoni was 36.2%, 71.8% and 64.0% in settings A, B and C, respectively. The prevalence of S. haematobium in setting C was 12.0%. The sensitivities of single Kato-Katz, CCA and CCA-L from the first stool or urine samples were 58%, 82% and 46% in setting A, 56.8%, 82.4% and 68.8% in setting B, and 49.0%, 87.7% and 55.5% in setting C. The respective specificities were 100%, 64.7% and 100%; 100%, 62.3% and 91.3%; and 100%, 42.5% and 92.0%. Mixed infection with S. haematobium did not influence the CCA test results for S. mansoni diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Urine CCA revealed higher sensitivity than CCA-L and triplicate Kato-Katz, and produced similar prevalence as nine Kato-Katz. It seems an attractive method for S. mansoni diagnosis. Public Library of Science 2012-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3409114/ /pubmed/22860148 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001758 Text en © 2012 Tchuem Tchuenté et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Tchuem Tchuenté, Louis-Albert
Kueté Fouodo, Césaire Joris
Kamwa Ngassam, Romuald Isaka
Sumo, Laurentine
Dongmo Noumedem, Calvine
Kenfack, Christian Mérimé
Gipwe, Nestor Feussom
Nana, Esther Dankoni
Stothard, J. Russell
Rollinson, David
Evaluation of Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) Urine-Tests for Diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Cameroon
title Evaluation of Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) Urine-Tests for Diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Cameroon
title_full Evaluation of Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) Urine-Tests for Diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Cameroon
title_fullStr Evaluation of Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) Urine-Tests for Diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Cameroon
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) Urine-Tests for Diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Cameroon
title_short Evaluation of Circulating Cathodic Antigen (CCA) Urine-Tests for Diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Cameroon
title_sort evaluation of circulating cathodic antigen (cca) urine-tests for diagnosis of schistosoma mansoni infection in cameroon
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3409114/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22860148
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001758
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