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Comparative vascular responses three months after paclitaxel and everolimus-eluting stent implantation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic porcine coronary arteries
BACKGROUND: Diabetes remains a significant risk factor for restenosis/thrombosis following stenting. Although vascular healing responses following drug-eluting stent (DES) treatment have been characterized previously in healthy animals, comparative assessments of different DES in a large animal mode...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3413520/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22716997 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-11-75 |
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author | Sheehy, Alexander Hsu, Steven Bouchard, Amelie Lema, Pablo Savard, Claudine Guy, Louis-Georges Tai, Julie Polyakov, Igor |
author_facet | Sheehy, Alexander Hsu, Steven Bouchard, Amelie Lema, Pablo Savard, Claudine Guy, Louis-Georges Tai, Julie Polyakov, Igor |
author_sort | Sheehy, Alexander |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Diabetes remains a significant risk factor for restenosis/thrombosis following stenting. Although vascular healing responses following drug-eluting stent (DES) treatment have been characterized previously in healthy animals, comparative assessments of different DES in a large animal model with isolated features of diabetes remains limited. We aimed to comparatively assess the vascular response to paclitaxel-eluting (PES) and everolimus-eluting (EES) stents in a porcine coronary model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type I diabetes. METHOD: Twelve Yucatan swine were induced hyperglycemic with a single STZ dose intravenously to ablate pancreatic β-cells. After two months, each animal received one XIENCE V® (EES) and one Taxus Liberte (PES) stent, respectively, in each coronary artery. After three months, vascular healing was assessed by angiography and histomorphometry. Comparative in vitro effects of everolimus and paclitaxel (10(-5) M–10(-12) M) after 24 hours on carotid endothelial (EC) and smooth muscle (SMC) cell viability under hyperglycemic (42 mM) conditions were assayed by ELISA. Caspase-3 fluorescent assay was used to quantify caspase-3 activity of EC treated with everolimus or paclitaxel (10(-5) M, 10(-7) M) for 24 hours. RESULTS: After 3 months, EES reduced neointimal area (1.60 ± 0.41 mm, p < 0.001) with trends toward reduced % diameter stenosis (11.2 ± 9.8%, p = 0.12) and angiographic late-loss (0.28 ± 0.30 mm, p = 0.058) compared to PES (neointimal area: 2.74 ± 0.58 mm, % diameter stenosis: 19.3 ± 14.7%, late loss: 0.55 ± 0.53 mm). Histopathology revealed increased inflammation scores (0.54 ± 0.21 vs. 0.08 ± 0.05), greater medial necrosis grade (0.52 ± 0.26 vs. 0.0 ± 0.0), and persistently elevated fibrin scores (1.60 ± 0.60 vs. 0.63 ± 0.41) with PES compared to EES (p < 0.05). In vitro, paclitaxel significantly increased (p < 0.05) EC/SMC apoptosis/necrosis at high concentrations (≥10(-7) M), while everolimus did not affect EC/SMC apoptosis/necrosis within the dose range tested. In ECs, paclitaxel (10(-5) M) significantly increased caspase-3 activity (p < 0.05) while everolimus had no effect. CONCLUSION: After 3 months, both DES exhibited signs of delayed healing in a STZ-induced diabetic swine model. PES exhibited greater neointimal area, increased inflammation, greater medial necrosis, and persistent fibrin compared to EES. Differential effects of everolimus and paclitaxel on vascular cell viability may potentially be a factor in regulating delayed healing observed with PES. Further investigation of molecular mechanisms may aid future development of stent-based therapies in treating coronary artery disease in diabetic patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3413520 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34135202012-08-08 Comparative vascular responses three months after paclitaxel and everolimus-eluting stent implantation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic porcine coronary arteries Sheehy, Alexander Hsu, Steven Bouchard, Amelie Lema, Pablo Savard, Claudine Guy, Louis-Georges Tai, Julie Polyakov, Igor Cardiovasc Diabetol Original Investigation BACKGROUND: Diabetes remains a significant risk factor for restenosis/thrombosis following stenting. Although vascular healing responses following drug-eluting stent (DES) treatment have been characterized previously in healthy animals, comparative assessments of different DES in a large animal model with isolated features of diabetes remains limited. We aimed to comparatively assess the vascular response to paclitaxel-eluting (PES) and everolimus-eluting (EES) stents in a porcine coronary model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type I diabetes. METHOD: Twelve Yucatan swine were induced hyperglycemic with a single STZ dose intravenously to ablate pancreatic β-cells. After two months, each animal received one XIENCE V® (EES) and one Taxus Liberte (PES) stent, respectively, in each coronary artery. After three months, vascular healing was assessed by angiography and histomorphometry. Comparative in vitro effects of everolimus and paclitaxel (10(-5) M–10(-12) M) after 24 hours on carotid endothelial (EC) and smooth muscle (SMC) cell viability under hyperglycemic (42 mM) conditions were assayed by ELISA. Caspase-3 fluorescent assay was used to quantify caspase-3 activity of EC treated with everolimus or paclitaxel (10(-5) M, 10(-7) M) for 24 hours. RESULTS: After 3 months, EES reduced neointimal area (1.60 ± 0.41 mm, p < 0.001) with trends toward reduced % diameter stenosis (11.2 ± 9.8%, p = 0.12) and angiographic late-loss (0.28 ± 0.30 mm, p = 0.058) compared to PES (neointimal area: 2.74 ± 0.58 mm, % diameter stenosis: 19.3 ± 14.7%, late loss: 0.55 ± 0.53 mm). Histopathology revealed increased inflammation scores (0.54 ± 0.21 vs. 0.08 ± 0.05), greater medial necrosis grade (0.52 ± 0.26 vs. 0.0 ± 0.0), and persistently elevated fibrin scores (1.60 ± 0.60 vs. 0.63 ± 0.41) with PES compared to EES (p < 0.05). In vitro, paclitaxel significantly increased (p < 0.05) EC/SMC apoptosis/necrosis at high concentrations (≥10(-7) M), while everolimus did not affect EC/SMC apoptosis/necrosis within the dose range tested. In ECs, paclitaxel (10(-5) M) significantly increased caspase-3 activity (p < 0.05) while everolimus had no effect. CONCLUSION: After 3 months, both DES exhibited signs of delayed healing in a STZ-induced diabetic swine model. PES exhibited greater neointimal area, increased inflammation, greater medial necrosis, and persistent fibrin compared to EES. Differential effects of everolimus and paclitaxel on vascular cell viability may potentially be a factor in regulating delayed healing observed with PES. Further investigation of molecular mechanisms may aid future development of stent-based therapies in treating coronary artery disease in diabetic patients. BioMed Central 2012-06-21 /pmc/articles/PMC3413520/ /pubmed/22716997 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-11-75 Text en Copyright ©2012 Sheehy et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Investigation Sheehy, Alexander Hsu, Steven Bouchard, Amelie Lema, Pablo Savard, Claudine Guy, Louis-Georges Tai, Julie Polyakov, Igor Comparative vascular responses three months after paclitaxel and everolimus-eluting stent implantation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic porcine coronary arteries |
title | Comparative vascular responses three months after paclitaxel and everolimus-eluting stent implantation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic porcine coronary arteries |
title_full | Comparative vascular responses three months after paclitaxel and everolimus-eluting stent implantation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic porcine coronary arteries |
title_fullStr | Comparative vascular responses three months after paclitaxel and everolimus-eluting stent implantation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic porcine coronary arteries |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparative vascular responses three months after paclitaxel and everolimus-eluting stent implantation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic porcine coronary arteries |
title_short | Comparative vascular responses three months after paclitaxel and everolimus-eluting stent implantation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic porcine coronary arteries |
title_sort | comparative vascular responses three months after paclitaxel and everolimus-eluting stent implantation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic porcine coronary arteries |
topic | Original Investigation |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3413520/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22716997 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-11-75 |
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