Spontaneous tibiotalar arthrodesis as a complication of acute tibial osteomyelitis due to Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus: a case report

INTRODUCTION: Strains of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus producing a new pattern of disease have emerged worldwide. Infection with these bacteria typically presents as a life-threatening infection of soft tissues and bones, and may cause potentially devastating consequences. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of osteoarticular infection caused by Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus. A 12-year-old Caucasian girl presented with acute osteomyelitis of the tibia associated with toxic shock syndrome, which was complicated by an unexpected spontaneous ankle arthrodesis. CONCLUSIONS: Osteoarticular infections due to Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus appear to be severe, and are characterized by their tendency to evolve towards serious complications. This case highlights the need for early and aggressive surgical procedures in conjunction with appropriate antimicrobial therapy and regular long-term follow-up.