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The endoplasmic reticulum in plant immunity and cell death
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a highly dynamic organelle in eukaryotic cells and a major production site of proteins destined for vacuoles, the plasma membrane, or apoplast in plants. At the ER, these secreted proteins undergo multiple processing steps, which are supervised and conducted by the...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Research Foundation
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3424470/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22936941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2012.00200 |
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author | Eichmann, Ruth Schäfer, Patrick |
author_facet | Eichmann, Ruth Schäfer, Patrick |
author_sort | Eichmann, Ruth |
collection | PubMed |
description | The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a highly dynamic organelle in eukaryotic cells and a major production site of proteins destined for vacuoles, the plasma membrane, or apoplast in plants. At the ER, these secreted proteins undergo multiple processing steps, which are supervised and conducted by the ER quality control system. Notably, processing of secreted proteins can considerably elevate under stress conditions and exceed ER folding capacities. The resulting accumulation of unfolded proteins is defined as ER stress. The efficiency of cells to re-establish proper ER function is crucial for stress adaptation. Besides delivering proteins directly antagonizing and resolving stress conditions, the ER monitors synthesis of immune receptors. This indicates the significance of the ER for the establishment and function of the plant immune system. Recent studies point out the fragility of the entire system and highlight the ER as initiator of programed cell death (PCD) in plants as was reported for vertebrates. This review summarizes current knowledge on the impact of the ER on immune and PCD signaling. Understanding the integration of stress signals by the ER bears a considerable potential to optimize development and to enhance stress resistance of plants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3424470 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | Frontiers Research Foundation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34244702012-08-30 The endoplasmic reticulum in plant immunity and cell death Eichmann, Ruth Schäfer, Patrick Front Plant Sci Plant Science The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a highly dynamic organelle in eukaryotic cells and a major production site of proteins destined for vacuoles, the plasma membrane, or apoplast in plants. At the ER, these secreted proteins undergo multiple processing steps, which are supervised and conducted by the ER quality control system. Notably, processing of secreted proteins can considerably elevate under stress conditions and exceed ER folding capacities. The resulting accumulation of unfolded proteins is defined as ER stress. The efficiency of cells to re-establish proper ER function is crucial for stress adaptation. Besides delivering proteins directly antagonizing and resolving stress conditions, the ER monitors synthesis of immune receptors. This indicates the significance of the ER for the establishment and function of the plant immune system. Recent studies point out the fragility of the entire system and highlight the ER as initiator of programed cell death (PCD) in plants as was reported for vertebrates. This review summarizes current knowledge on the impact of the ER on immune and PCD signaling. Understanding the integration of stress signals by the ER bears a considerable potential to optimize development and to enhance stress resistance of plants. Frontiers Research Foundation 2012-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC3424470/ /pubmed/22936941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2012.00200 Text en Copyright © Eichmann and Schäfer. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) , which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Eichmann, Ruth Schäfer, Patrick The endoplasmic reticulum in plant immunity and cell death |
title | The endoplasmic reticulum in plant immunity and cell death |
title_full | The endoplasmic reticulum in plant immunity and cell death |
title_fullStr | The endoplasmic reticulum in plant immunity and cell death |
title_full_unstemmed | The endoplasmic reticulum in plant immunity and cell death |
title_short | The endoplasmic reticulum in plant immunity and cell death |
title_sort | endoplasmic reticulum in plant immunity and cell death |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3424470/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22936941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2012.00200 |
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