Cargando…
Effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculation in endotoxinemic rats
BACKGROUND: In sepsis syndromes the severity of the inflammation triggers microvascular dysfunction and early organ failure. We studied the effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculatory integrity in an endotoxinemic rat model. METHODS: In both control and endo...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2012
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3425315/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22830560 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-9-183 |
_version_ | 1782241363312508928 |
---|---|
author | Mihaylova, Stanka Killian, Anke Mayer, Konstantin Pullamsetti, Soni Savai Schermuly, Ralph Rosengarten, Bernhard |
author_facet | Mihaylova, Stanka Killian, Anke Mayer, Konstantin Pullamsetti, Soni Savai Schermuly, Ralph Rosengarten, Bernhard |
author_sort | Mihaylova, Stanka |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: In sepsis syndromes the severity of the inflammation triggers microvascular dysfunction and early organ failure. We studied the effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculatory integrity in an endotoxinemic rat model. METHODS: In both control and endotoxinemic (5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide i.v.) rats, the effect of cervical bilateral vagotomy with or without left-sided distal vagus nerve stimulation were compared to non-vagotomized, nonstimulated group (sham). Neurovascular coupling was analyzed by electrical forepaw stimulation, EEG, and cortical laser-Doppler flow recording. Resting cerebral blood flow, evoked potentials and hemodynamic responses, were obtained over a period of 4.5 hours. Regulation of the nitric oxide system (iNOS expression and nitrite/nitrate measurements), cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10), hypoxic and apoptosis signaling molecules (HIF-2α, Bax) were measured at the end of experiments. RESULTS: In endotoxinemic rats, vagus nerve stimulation tended to increase anti-inflammatory cytokine levels and resulted in a stabile hemodynamic response (28 ± 13%; versus baseline). Vagotomized animals incurred a pro-inflammatory response (7 ± 4%; P < 0.0001 versus baseline) and produced more HIF-2α than vagotomized vagus nerve stimulated (VNS) animals. Evoked potential amplitudes were stabilized in VNS (15 ± 7 μV; n.s. versus baseline) as compared to vagotomised rats (8 ± 5 μV; P < 0.001 versus baseline). However, no effects were observed on apoptosis markers or nitric oxide levels. CONCLUSIONS: Vagus nerve stimulation in endotoxinemic rats had a positive effect on neurovascular coupling and stabilized evoked potentials. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3425315 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34253152012-08-23 Effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculation in endotoxinemic rats Mihaylova, Stanka Killian, Anke Mayer, Konstantin Pullamsetti, Soni Savai Schermuly, Ralph Rosengarten, Bernhard J Neuroinflammation Research BACKGROUND: In sepsis syndromes the severity of the inflammation triggers microvascular dysfunction and early organ failure. We studied the effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculatory integrity in an endotoxinemic rat model. METHODS: In both control and endotoxinemic (5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide i.v.) rats, the effect of cervical bilateral vagotomy with or without left-sided distal vagus nerve stimulation were compared to non-vagotomized, nonstimulated group (sham). Neurovascular coupling was analyzed by electrical forepaw stimulation, EEG, and cortical laser-Doppler flow recording. Resting cerebral blood flow, evoked potentials and hemodynamic responses, were obtained over a period of 4.5 hours. Regulation of the nitric oxide system (iNOS expression and nitrite/nitrate measurements), cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10), hypoxic and apoptosis signaling molecules (HIF-2α, Bax) were measured at the end of experiments. RESULTS: In endotoxinemic rats, vagus nerve stimulation tended to increase anti-inflammatory cytokine levels and resulted in a stabile hemodynamic response (28 ± 13%; versus baseline). Vagotomized animals incurred a pro-inflammatory response (7 ± 4%; P < 0.0001 versus baseline) and produced more HIF-2α than vagotomized vagus nerve stimulated (VNS) animals. Evoked potential amplitudes were stabilized in VNS (15 ± 7 μV; n.s. versus baseline) as compared to vagotomised rats (8 ± 5 μV; P < 0.001 versus baseline). However, no effects were observed on apoptosis markers or nitric oxide levels. CONCLUSIONS: Vagus nerve stimulation in endotoxinemic rats had a positive effect on neurovascular coupling and stabilized evoked potentials. BioMed Central 2012-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3425315/ /pubmed/22830560 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-9-183 Text en Copyright ©2012 Mihaylova et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Mihaylova, Stanka Killian, Anke Mayer, Konstantin Pullamsetti, Soni Savai Schermuly, Ralph Rosengarten, Bernhard Effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculation in endotoxinemic rats |
title | Effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculation in endotoxinemic rats |
title_full | Effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculation in endotoxinemic rats |
title_fullStr | Effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculation in endotoxinemic rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculation in endotoxinemic rats |
title_short | Effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculation in endotoxinemic rats |
title_sort | effects of anti-inflammatory vagus nerve stimulation on the cerebral microcirculation in endotoxinemic rats |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3425315/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22830560 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-9-183 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT mihaylovastanka effectsofantiinflammatoryvagusnervestimulationonthecerebralmicrocirculationinendotoxinemicrats AT killiananke effectsofantiinflammatoryvagusnervestimulationonthecerebralmicrocirculationinendotoxinemicrats AT mayerkonstantin effectsofantiinflammatoryvagusnervestimulationonthecerebralmicrocirculationinendotoxinemicrats AT pullamsettisonisavai effectsofantiinflammatoryvagusnervestimulationonthecerebralmicrocirculationinendotoxinemicrats AT schermulyralph effectsofantiinflammatoryvagusnervestimulationonthecerebralmicrocirculationinendotoxinemicrats AT rosengartenbernhard effectsofantiinflammatoryvagusnervestimulationonthecerebralmicrocirculationinendotoxinemicrats |