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Risk Factors for HIV and Unprotected Anal Intercourse among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan

INTRODUCTION: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for HIV infection. MSM in Central Asia, however, are not adequately studied to assess their risk of HIV transmission. Methods: This study used respondent driven sampling methods to recruit 400 MSM in Almaty, the largest city in Kazakhsta...

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Autores principales: Berry, Mark, Wirtz, Andrea L., Janayeva, Assel, Ragoza, Valentina, Terlikbayeva, Assel, Amirov, Bauyrzhan, Baral, Stefan, Beyrer, Chris
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3427329/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22937013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043071
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author Berry, Mark
Wirtz, Andrea L.
Janayeva, Assel
Ragoza, Valentina
Terlikbayeva, Assel
Amirov, Bauyrzhan
Baral, Stefan
Beyrer, Chris
author_facet Berry, Mark
Wirtz, Andrea L.
Janayeva, Assel
Ragoza, Valentina
Terlikbayeva, Assel
Amirov, Bauyrzhan
Baral, Stefan
Beyrer, Chris
author_sort Berry, Mark
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for HIV infection. MSM in Central Asia, however, are not adequately studied to assess their risk of HIV transmission. Methods: This study used respondent driven sampling methods to recruit 400 MSM in Almaty, the largest city in Kazakhstan, into a cross-sectional study. Participation involved a one-time interviewer-administered questionnaire and rapid HIV screening test. Prevalence data were adjusted for respondent network size and recruitment patterns. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between HIV and selected risk factors, and unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) and selected risk factors. RESULTS: After respondent driven sampling (RDS) weighted analysis, 20.2% of MSM were HIV-positive, and 69.0% had unprotected sex with at least one male partner in the last 12 months. Regression analysis showed that HIV infection was associated with unprotected receptive anal sex (AOR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.04–3.84). Having unprotected anal intercourse with male partners, a measure of HIV risk behaviors, was associated with being single (AOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.23–0.64); very difficult access to lubricants (AOR: 11.08; 95% CI: 4.93–24.91); STI symptoms (AOR: 3.45; 95% CI: 1.42–8.40); transactional sex (AOR: 3.21; 95% CI: 1.66–6.22); and non-injection drug use (AOR: 3.10; 95% CI: 1.51–6.36). CONCLUSIONS: This study found a high HIV prevalence among MSM in Almaty, and a population of MSM engaging in multiple high-risk behavior in Almaty. Greater access to HIV education and prevention interventions is needed to limit the HIV epidemic among MSM in Almaty.
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spelling pubmed-34273292012-08-30 Risk Factors for HIV and Unprotected Anal Intercourse among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan Berry, Mark Wirtz, Andrea L. Janayeva, Assel Ragoza, Valentina Terlikbayeva, Assel Amirov, Bauyrzhan Baral, Stefan Beyrer, Chris PLoS One Research Article INTRODUCTION: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for HIV infection. MSM in Central Asia, however, are not adequately studied to assess their risk of HIV transmission. Methods: This study used respondent driven sampling methods to recruit 400 MSM in Almaty, the largest city in Kazakhstan, into a cross-sectional study. Participation involved a one-time interviewer-administered questionnaire and rapid HIV screening test. Prevalence data were adjusted for respondent network size and recruitment patterns. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between HIV and selected risk factors, and unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) and selected risk factors. RESULTS: After respondent driven sampling (RDS) weighted analysis, 20.2% of MSM were HIV-positive, and 69.0% had unprotected sex with at least one male partner in the last 12 months. Regression analysis showed that HIV infection was associated with unprotected receptive anal sex (AOR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.04–3.84). Having unprotected anal intercourse with male partners, a measure of HIV risk behaviors, was associated with being single (AOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.23–0.64); very difficult access to lubricants (AOR: 11.08; 95% CI: 4.93–24.91); STI symptoms (AOR: 3.45; 95% CI: 1.42–8.40); transactional sex (AOR: 3.21; 95% CI: 1.66–6.22); and non-injection drug use (AOR: 3.10; 95% CI: 1.51–6.36). CONCLUSIONS: This study found a high HIV prevalence among MSM in Almaty, and a population of MSM engaging in multiple high-risk behavior in Almaty. Greater access to HIV education and prevention interventions is needed to limit the HIV epidemic among MSM in Almaty. Public Library of Science 2012-08-24 /pmc/articles/PMC3427329/ /pubmed/22937013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043071 Text en © 2012 Berry et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Berry, Mark
Wirtz, Andrea L.
Janayeva, Assel
Ragoza, Valentina
Terlikbayeva, Assel
Amirov, Bauyrzhan
Baral, Stefan
Beyrer, Chris
Risk Factors for HIV and Unprotected Anal Intercourse among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan
title Risk Factors for HIV and Unprotected Anal Intercourse among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan
title_full Risk Factors for HIV and Unprotected Anal Intercourse among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan
title_fullStr Risk Factors for HIV and Unprotected Anal Intercourse among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan
title_full_unstemmed Risk Factors for HIV and Unprotected Anal Intercourse among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan
title_short Risk Factors for HIV and Unprotected Anal Intercourse among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan
title_sort risk factors for hiv and unprotected anal intercourse among men who have sex with men (msm) in almaty, kazakhstan
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3427329/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22937013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043071
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