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The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries

BACKGROUND: The burden of antimicrobial resistance worldwide is substantial and is likely to grow. Many factors play a role in the emergence of resistance. These resistance mechanisms may be encoded on transferable genes, which facilitate the spread of resistance between bacterial strains of the sam...

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Autores principales: Aly, Mahmoud, Balkhy, Hanan H
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3436690/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22958584
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2047-2994-1-26
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author Aly, Mahmoud
Balkhy, Hanan H
author_facet Aly, Mahmoud
Balkhy, Hanan H
author_sort Aly, Mahmoud
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The burden of antimicrobial resistance worldwide is substantial and is likely to grow. Many factors play a role in the emergence of resistance. These resistance mechanisms may be encoded on transferable genes, which facilitate the spread of resistance between bacterial strains of the same and/or different species. Other resistance mechanisms may be due to alterations in the chromosomal DNA which enables the bacteria to withstand the environment and multiply. Many, if not most, of the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) countries do not have clear guidelines for antimicrobial use, and lack policies for restricting and auditing antimicrobial prescriptions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to review the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in GCC countries and explore the reasons for antibiotic resistance in the region. METHODOLOGY: The PubMed database was searched using the following key words: antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic stewardship, prevalence, epidemiology, mechanism of resistance, and GCC country (Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, and United Arab Emirates). RESULTS: From January1990 through April 2011, there were 45 articles published reviewing antibiotic resistance in the GCC countries. Among all the GCC countries, 37,295 bacterial isolates were studied for antimicrobial resistance. The most prevalent microorganism was Escherichia coli (10,073/44%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (4,709/20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4,287/18.7%), MRSA (1,216/5.4%), Acinetobacter (1,061/5%), with C. difficile and Enterococcus representing less than 1%. CONCLUSION: In the last 2 decades, E. coli followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most prevalent reported microorganisms by GCC countries with resistance data.
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spelling pubmed-34366902012-09-08 The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries Aly, Mahmoud Balkhy, Hanan H Antimicrob Resist Infect Control Research BACKGROUND: The burden of antimicrobial resistance worldwide is substantial and is likely to grow. Many factors play a role in the emergence of resistance. These resistance mechanisms may be encoded on transferable genes, which facilitate the spread of resistance between bacterial strains of the same and/or different species. Other resistance mechanisms may be due to alterations in the chromosomal DNA which enables the bacteria to withstand the environment and multiply. Many, if not most, of the Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) countries do not have clear guidelines for antimicrobial use, and lack policies for restricting and auditing antimicrobial prescriptions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to review the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in GCC countries and explore the reasons for antibiotic resistance in the region. METHODOLOGY: The PubMed database was searched using the following key words: antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic stewardship, prevalence, epidemiology, mechanism of resistance, and GCC country (Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, and United Arab Emirates). RESULTS: From January1990 through April 2011, there were 45 articles published reviewing antibiotic resistance in the GCC countries. Among all the GCC countries, 37,295 bacterial isolates were studied for antimicrobial resistance. The most prevalent microorganism was Escherichia coli (10,073/44%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (4,709/20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4,287/18.7%), MRSA (1,216/5.4%), Acinetobacter (1,061/5%), with C. difficile and Enterococcus representing less than 1%. CONCLUSION: In the last 2 decades, E. coli followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most prevalent reported microorganisms by GCC countries with resistance data. BioMed Central 2012-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC3436690/ /pubmed/22958584 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2047-2994-1-26 Text en Copyright ©2012 Aly and Balkhy; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Aly, Mahmoud
Balkhy, Hanan H
The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries
title The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries
title_full The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries
title_fullStr The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries
title_full_unstemmed The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries
title_short The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Gulf Corporation Council countries
title_sort prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from gulf corporation council countries
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3436690/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22958584
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2047-2994-1-26
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