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Pullulanase: Role in Starch Hydrolysis and Potential Industrial Applications

The use of pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41) has recently been the subject of increased applications in starch-based industries especially those aimed for glucose production. Pullulanase, an important debranching enzyme, has been widely utilised to hydrolyse the α-1,6 glucosidic linkages in starch, amylopec...

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Autores principales: Hii, Siew Ling, Tan, Joo Shun, Ling, Tau Chuan, Ariff, Arbakariya Bin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3443597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22991654
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/921362
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author Hii, Siew Ling
Tan, Joo Shun
Ling, Tau Chuan
Ariff, Arbakariya Bin
author_facet Hii, Siew Ling
Tan, Joo Shun
Ling, Tau Chuan
Ariff, Arbakariya Bin
author_sort Hii, Siew Ling
collection PubMed
description The use of pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41) has recently been the subject of increased applications in starch-based industries especially those aimed for glucose production. Pullulanase, an important debranching enzyme, has been widely utilised to hydrolyse the α-1,6 glucosidic linkages in starch, amylopectin, pullulan, and related oligosaccharides, which enables a complete and efficient conversion of the branched polysaccharides into small fermentable sugars during saccharification process. The industrial manufacturing of glucose involves two successive enzymatic steps: liquefaction, carried out after gelatinisation by the action of α-amylase; saccharification, which results in further transformation of maltodextrins into glucose. During saccharification process, pullulanase has been used to increase the final glucose concentration with reduced amount of glucoamylase. Therefore, the reversion reaction that involves resynthesis of saccharides from glucose molecules is prevented. To date, five groups of pullulanase enzymes have been reported, that is, (i) pullulanase type I, (ii) amylopullulanase, (iii) neopullulanase, (iv) isopullulanase, and (v) pullulan hydrolase type III. The current paper extensively reviews each category of pullulanase, properties of pullulanase, merits of applying pullulanase during starch bioprocessing, current genetic engineering works related to pullulanase genes, and possible industrial applications of pullulanase.
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spelling pubmed-34435972012-09-18 Pullulanase: Role in Starch Hydrolysis and Potential Industrial Applications Hii, Siew Ling Tan, Joo Shun Ling, Tau Chuan Ariff, Arbakariya Bin Enzyme Res Review Article The use of pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41) has recently been the subject of increased applications in starch-based industries especially those aimed for glucose production. Pullulanase, an important debranching enzyme, has been widely utilised to hydrolyse the α-1,6 glucosidic linkages in starch, amylopectin, pullulan, and related oligosaccharides, which enables a complete and efficient conversion of the branched polysaccharides into small fermentable sugars during saccharification process. The industrial manufacturing of glucose involves two successive enzymatic steps: liquefaction, carried out after gelatinisation by the action of α-amylase; saccharification, which results in further transformation of maltodextrins into glucose. During saccharification process, pullulanase has been used to increase the final glucose concentration with reduced amount of glucoamylase. Therefore, the reversion reaction that involves resynthesis of saccharides from glucose molecules is prevented. To date, five groups of pullulanase enzymes have been reported, that is, (i) pullulanase type I, (ii) amylopullulanase, (iii) neopullulanase, (iv) isopullulanase, and (v) pullulan hydrolase type III. The current paper extensively reviews each category of pullulanase, properties of pullulanase, merits of applying pullulanase during starch bioprocessing, current genetic engineering works related to pullulanase genes, and possible industrial applications of pullulanase. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2012-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC3443597/ /pubmed/22991654 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/921362 Text en Copyright © 2012 Siew Ling Hii et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Hii, Siew Ling
Tan, Joo Shun
Ling, Tau Chuan
Ariff, Arbakariya Bin
Pullulanase: Role in Starch Hydrolysis and Potential Industrial Applications
title Pullulanase: Role in Starch Hydrolysis and Potential Industrial Applications
title_full Pullulanase: Role in Starch Hydrolysis and Potential Industrial Applications
title_fullStr Pullulanase: Role in Starch Hydrolysis and Potential Industrial Applications
title_full_unstemmed Pullulanase: Role in Starch Hydrolysis and Potential Industrial Applications
title_short Pullulanase: Role in Starch Hydrolysis and Potential Industrial Applications
title_sort pullulanase: role in starch hydrolysis and potential industrial applications
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3443597/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22991654
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/921362
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