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Therapeutic electric stimulation does not affect immune status in healthy individuals – a preliminary report

BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular electric stimulation is widely used for muscle strengthening in clinical practice and for preventative purposes. However, there are few reports on the effects of electric stimulation on the immune response of the organism, and even those mainly describe the changes observed...

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Autores principales: Kopitar, Andreja N, Kotnik, Vladimir, Vidmar, Gaj, Ihan, Alojz, Novak, Primoz, Stefancic, Martin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3444347/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22839574
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-11-42
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author Kopitar, Andreja N
Kotnik, Vladimir
Vidmar, Gaj
Ihan, Alojz
Novak, Primoz
Stefancic, Martin
author_facet Kopitar, Andreja N
Kotnik, Vladimir
Vidmar, Gaj
Ihan, Alojz
Novak, Primoz
Stefancic, Martin
author_sort Kopitar, Andreja N
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular electric stimulation is widely used for muscle strengthening in clinical practice and for preventative purposes. However, there are few reports on the effects of electric stimulation on the immune response of the organism, and even those mainly describe the changes observed immediately after the electrotherapeutic procedures. The objective of our study was to examine the possible immunological consequences of moderate low-frequency transcutaneous neuromuscular electric stimulation for quadriceps muscle strengthening in healthy individuals. METHODS: The study included 10 healthy volunteers (5 males, 5 females, mean age 37.5 years). At the beginning and after a two-week electric stimulation program, muscle strength was measured and peripheral blood was collected to analyse white blood cells by flow cytometry for the expression of cell surface antigens (CD3, CD19, CD4, CD8, CD4/8, DR/3, NK, Th reg, CD25 + CD3+, CD25 + CD4+, CD25 + CD8+, CD69 + CD3+, CD69 + CD4+, CD69 + CD8+) and phagocytosis/oxidative killing function. RESULTS: Muscle strength slightly increased after the program on the dominant and the nondominant side. No statistically or clinically significant difference was found in any of the measured blood and immune cells parameters as well as phagocytosis and oxidative burst function of neutrophil granulocytes and monocytes one day after the program. CONCLUSIONS: The program of transcutaneous low-frequency electric stimulation slightly strengthened the quadriceps femoris muscle while producing no changes in measured immunological parameters. Hence, therapeutic low-frequency electric stimulation appears not to be affecting the immune response of healthy persons.
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spelling pubmed-34443472012-09-18 Therapeutic electric stimulation does not affect immune status in healthy individuals – a preliminary report Kopitar, Andreja N Kotnik, Vladimir Vidmar, Gaj Ihan, Alojz Novak, Primoz Stefancic, Martin Biomed Eng Online Research BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular electric stimulation is widely used for muscle strengthening in clinical practice and for preventative purposes. However, there are few reports on the effects of electric stimulation on the immune response of the organism, and even those mainly describe the changes observed immediately after the electrotherapeutic procedures. The objective of our study was to examine the possible immunological consequences of moderate low-frequency transcutaneous neuromuscular electric stimulation for quadriceps muscle strengthening in healthy individuals. METHODS: The study included 10 healthy volunteers (5 males, 5 females, mean age 37.5 years). At the beginning and after a two-week electric stimulation program, muscle strength was measured and peripheral blood was collected to analyse white blood cells by flow cytometry for the expression of cell surface antigens (CD3, CD19, CD4, CD8, CD4/8, DR/3, NK, Th reg, CD25 + CD3+, CD25 + CD4+, CD25 + CD8+, CD69 + CD3+, CD69 + CD4+, CD69 + CD8+) and phagocytosis/oxidative killing function. RESULTS: Muscle strength slightly increased after the program on the dominant and the nondominant side. No statistically or clinically significant difference was found in any of the measured blood and immune cells parameters as well as phagocytosis and oxidative burst function of neutrophil granulocytes and monocytes one day after the program. CONCLUSIONS: The program of transcutaneous low-frequency electric stimulation slightly strengthened the quadriceps femoris muscle while producing no changes in measured immunological parameters. Hence, therapeutic low-frequency electric stimulation appears not to be affecting the immune response of healthy persons. BioMed Central 2012-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3444347/ /pubmed/22839574 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-11-42 Text en Copyright ©2012 Kopitar et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Kopitar, Andreja N
Kotnik, Vladimir
Vidmar, Gaj
Ihan, Alojz
Novak, Primoz
Stefancic, Martin
Therapeutic electric stimulation does not affect immune status in healthy individuals – a preliminary report
title Therapeutic electric stimulation does not affect immune status in healthy individuals – a preliminary report
title_full Therapeutic electric stimulation does not affect immune status in healthy individuals – a preliminary report
title_fullStr Therapeutic electric stimulation does not affect immune status in healthy individuals – a preliminary report
title_full_unstemmed Therapeutic electric stimulation does not affect immune status in healthy individuals – a preliminary report
title_short Therapeutic electric stimulation does not affect immune status in healthy individuals – a preliminary report
title_sort therapeutic electric stimulation does not affect immune status in healthy individuals – a preliminary report
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3444347/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22839574
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-11-42
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