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Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on oncotargets

Nanotechnology is the development of an engineered device at the atomic, molecular, and macromolecular level in the nanometer range. Advances in nanotechnology have proven beneficial in therapeutic fields such as drug-delivery and gene/protein delivery. Antigen delivery systems are important for ind...

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Autores principales: Kozako, Tomohiro, Arima, Naomichi, Yoshimitsu, Makoto, Honda, Shin-Ichro, Soeda, Shinji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3446859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23028222
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S30726
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author Kozako, Tomohiro
Arima, Naomichi
Yoshimitsu, Makoto
Honda, Shin-Ichro
Soeda, Shinji
author_facet Kozako, Tomohiro
Arima, Naomichi
Yoshimitsu, Makoto
Honda, Shin-Ichro
Soeda, Shinji
author_sort Kozako, Tomohiro
collection PubMed
description Nanotechnology is the development of an engineered device at the atomic, molecular, and macromolecular level in the nanometer range. Advances in nanotechnology have proven beneficial in therapeutic fields such as drug-delivery and gene/protein delivery. Antigen delivery systems are important for inducing and modifying immune responses. In cellular immunity, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are important in the host defense against tumors. Key to the development of CTL-inducible vaccines is the ability to deliver antigens to antigen-presenting cells efficiently and to induce the subsequent activation of T cell-mediated immunity without adjuvants, as they can induce excessive inflammation leading to systemic febrile disease. Since expression and cloning methods for tumor-associated antigens have been reported, cancer vaccines that induce effective cell immunity may be promising therapeutic candidates, but Th2 cells are undesirable for use in cancer immunotherapy. Peptide vaccines have immunological and economic advantages as cancer vaccines because CTL epitope peptides from tumor-associated antigens have high antigen-specificity. However, cancer vaccines have had limited effectiveness in clinical responses due to the ability of cancer cells to “escape” from cancer immunity and a low efficiency of antigen-specific CTL induction due to immunogenic-free synthetic peptides. In contrast, carbohydrate-decorated particles such as carbohydrate-coated liposomes with encapsulated antigens might be more suitable as antigen delivery vehicles to antigen-presenting cells. Oligomannose-coated liposomes (OML) can eliminate established tumors in mouse cancer models. In addition, OMLs with an encased antigen can induce antigen-specific CTLs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from patients. Feasibility studies of OML-based vaccines have revealed their potential for clinical use as vaccines for diseases where CTLs act as effector cells. Furthermore, use of the hepatitis B core particle, in which tumor-antigen epitopes are set, has consistently been shown to induce strong CTL responses without the use of an adjuvant. Thus, nanoparticles may provide a new prophylactic strategy for infectious disease and therapeutic approaches for cancer via the induction of T-cell immunity.
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spelling pubmed-34468592012-10-01 Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on oncotargets Kozako, Tomohiro Arima, Naomichi Yoshimitsu, Makoto Honda, Shin-Ichro Soeda, Shinji Int J Nanomedicine Review Nanotechnology is the development of an engineered device at the atomic, molecular, and macromolecular level in the nanometer range. Advances in nanotechnology have proven beneficial in therapeutic fields such as drug-delivery and gene/protein delivery. Antigen delivery systems are important for inducing and modifying immune responses. In cellular immunity, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are important in the host defense against tumors. Key to the development of CTL-inducible vaccines is the ability to deliver antigens to antigen-presenting cells efficiently and to induce the subsequent activation of T cell-mediated immunity without adjuvants, as they can induce excessive inflammation leading to systemic febrile disease. Since expression and cloning methods for tumor-associated antigens have been reported, cancer vaccines that induce effective cell immunity may be promising therapeutic candidates, but Th2 cells are undesirable for use in cancer immunotherapy. Peptide vaccines have immunological and economic advantages as cancer vaccines because CTL epitope peptides from tumor-associated antigens have high antigen-specificity. However, cancer vaccines have had limited effectiveness in clinical responses due to the ability of cancer cells to “escape” from cancer immunity and a low efficiency of antigen-specific CTL induction due to immunogenic-free synthetic peptides. In contrast, carbohydrate-decorated particles such as carbohydrate-coated liposomes with encapsulated antigens might be more suitable as antigen delivery vehicles to antigen-presenting cells. Oligomannose-coated liposomes (OML) can eliminate established tumors in mouse cancer models. In addition, OMLs with an encased antigen can induce antigen-specific CTLs from peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from patients. Feasibility studies of OML-based vaccines have revealed their potential for clinical use as vaccines for diseases where CTLs act as effector cells. Furthermore, use of the hepatitis B core particle, in which tumor-antigen epitopes are set, has consistently been shown to induce strong CTL responses without the use of an adjuvant. Thus, nanoparticles may provide a new prophylactic strategy for infectious disease and therapeutic approaches for cancer via the induction of T-cell immunity. Dove Medical Press 2012 2012-09-14 /pmc/articles/PMC3446859/ /pubmed/23028222 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S30726 Text en © 2012 Kozako et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd. This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Kozako, Tomohiro
Arima, Naomichi
Yoshimitsu, Makoto
Honda, Shin-Ichro
Soeda, Shinji
Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on oncotargets
title Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on oncotargets
title_full Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on oncotargets
title_fullStr Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on oncotargets
title_full_unstemmed Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on oncotargets
title_short Liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on oncotargets
title_sort liposomes and nanotechnology in drug development: focus on oncotargets
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3446859/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23028222
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S30726
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