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Exploiting what phage have evolved to control gram-positive pathogens
In the billion years that bacteriophage (or phage) have existed together with bacteria the phage have evolved systems that may be exploited for our benefit. One of these is the lytic system used by the phage to release their progeny from an infected bacterium. Endolysins (or lysins) are highly evolv...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Landes Bioscience
2011
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3448103/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23050211 http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/bact.1.4.17747 |
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author | Fischetti, Vincent A. |
author_facet | Fischetti, Vincent A. |
author_sort | Fischetti, Vincent A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the billion years that bacteriophage (or phage) have existed together with bacteria the phage have evolved systems that may be exploited for our benefit. One of these is the lytic system used by the phage to release their progeny from an infected bacterium. Endolysins (or lysins) are highly evolved enzymes in the lytic system produced to cleave essential bonds in the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan for progeny release. Small quantities of purified recombinant lysin added externally to gram-positive bacteria results in immediate lysis causing log-fold death of the target bacterium. Lysins have now been used successfully in a variety of animal models to control pathogenic antibiotic resistant bacteria found on mucosal surfaces and in infected tissues. The advantages over antibiotics are their specificity for the pathogen without disturbing the normal flora, the low chance of bacterial resistance, and their ability to kill colonizing pathogens on mucosal surfaces, a capacity previously unavailable. Lysins therefore, may be a much-needed anti-infective (or enzybiotic) in an age of mounting antibiotic resistance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3448103 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Landes Bioscience |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-34481032012-10-03 Exploiting what phage have evolved to control gram-positive pathogens Fischetti, Vincent A. Bacteriophage Review In the billion years that bacteriophage (or phage) have existed together with bacteria the phage have evolved systems that may be exploited for our benefit. One of these is the lytic system used by the phage to release their progeny from an infected bacterium. Endolysins (or lysins) are highly evolved enzymes in the lytic system produced to cleave essential bonds in the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan for progeny release. Small quantities of purified recombinant lysin added externally to gram-positive bacteria results in immediate lysis causing log-fold death of the target bacterium. Lysins have now been used successfully in a variety of animal models to control pathogenic antibiotic resistant bacteria found on mucosal surfaces and in infected tissues. The advantages over antibiotics are their specificity for the pathogen without disturbing the normal flora, the low chance of bacterial resistance, and their ability to kill colonizing pathogens on mucosal surfaces, a capacity previously unavailable. Lysins therefore, may be a much-needed anti-infective (or enzybiotic) in an age of mounting antibiotic resistance. Landes Bioscience 2011-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3448103/ /pubmed/23050211 http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/bact.1.4.17747 Text en Copyright © 2011 Landes Bioscience http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open-access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License. The article may be redistributed, reproduced, and reused for non-commercial purposes, provided the original source is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Fischetti, Vincent A. Exploiting what phage have evolved to control gram-positive pathogens |
title | Exploiting what phage have evolved to control gram-positive pathogens |
title_full | Exploiting what phage have evolved to control gram-positive pathogens |
title_fullStr | Exploiting what phage have evolved to control gram-positive pathogens |
title_full_unstemmed | Exploiting what phage have evolved to control gram-positive pathogens |
title_short | Exploiting what phage have evolved to control gram-positive pathogens |
title_sort | exploiting what phage have evolved to control gram-positive pathogens |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3448103/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23050211 http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/bact.1.4.17747 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT fischettivincenta exploitingwhatphagehaveevolvedtocontrolgrampositivepathogens |