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Cortical inhibition and habituation to evoked potentials: relevance for pathophysiology of migraine

Dysfunction of neuronal cortical excitability has been supposed to play an important role in etiopathogenesis of migraine. Neurophysiological techniques like evoked potentials (EP) and in the last years non-invasive brain stimulation techniques like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transc...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Brighina, Filippo, Palermo, Antonio, Fierro, Brigida
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Milan 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3451650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19209386
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10194-008-0095-x
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author Brighina, Filippo
Palermo, Antonio
Fierro, Brigida
author_facet Brighina, Filippo
Palermo, Antonio
Fierro, Brigida
author_sort Brighina, Filippo
collection PubMed
description Dysfunction of neuronal cortical excitability has been supposed to play an important role in etiopathogenesis of migraine. Neurophysiological techniques like evoked potentials (EP) and in the last years non-invasive brain stimulation techniques like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation gave important contribution to understanding of such issue highlighting possible mechanisms of cortical dysfunctions in migraine. EP studies showed impaired habituation to repeated sensorial stimulation and this abnormality was confirmed across all sensorial modalities, making defective habituation a neurophysiological hallmark of the disease. TMS was employed to test more directly cortical excitability in visual cortex and then also in motor cortex. Contradictory results have been reported pointing towards hyperexcitability or on the contrary to reduced preactivation of sensory cortex in migraine. Other experimental evidence speaks in favour of impairment of inhibitory circuits and analogies have been proposed between migraine and conditions of sensory deafferentation in which down-regulation of GABA circuits is considered the more relevant pathophysiological mechanism. Whatever the mechanism involved, it has been found that repeated sessions of high-frequency rTMS trains that have been shown to up-regulate inhibitory circuits could persistently normalize habituation in migraine. This could give interesting insight into pathophysiology establishing a link between cortical inhibition and habituation and opening also new treatment strategies in migraine.
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spelling pubmed-34516502012-11-29 Cortical inhibition and habituation to evoked potentials: relevance for pathophysiology of migraine Brighina, Filippo Palermo, Antonio Fierro, Brigida J Headache Pain Review Article Dysfunction of neuronal cortical excitability has been supposed to play an important role in etiopathogenesis of migraine. Neurophysiological techniques like evoked potentials (EP) and in the last years non-invasive brain stimulation techniques like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation gave important contribution to understanding of such issue highlighting possible mechanisms of cortical dysfunctions in migraine. EP studies showed impaired habituation to repeated sensorial stimulation and this abnormality was confirmed across all sensorial modalities, making defective habituation a neurophysiological hallmark of the disease. TMS was employed to test more directly cortical excitability in visual cortex and then also in motor cortex. Contradictory results have been reported pointing towards hyperexcitability or on the contrary to reduced preactivation of sensory cortex in migraine. Other experimental evidence speaks in favour of impairment of inhibitory circuits and analogies have been proposed between migraine and conditions of sensory deafferentation in which down-regulation of GABA circuits is considered the more relevant pathophysiological mechanism. Whatever the mechanism involved, it has been found that repeated sessions of high-frequency rTMS trains that have been shown to up-regulate inhibitory circuits could persistently normalize habituation in migraine. This could give interesting insight into pathophysiology establishing a link between cortical inhibition and habituation and opening also new treatment strategies in migraine. Springer Milan 2009-02-10 2009-04 /pmc/articles/PMC3451650/ /pubmed/19209386 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10194-008-0095-x Text en © Springer-Verlag 2009
spellingShingle Review Article
Brighina, Filippo
Palermo, Antonio
Fierro, Brigida
Cortical inhibition and habituation to evoked potentials: relevance for pathophysiology of migraine
title Cortical inhibition and habituation to evoked potentials: relevance for pathophysiology of migraine
title_full Cortical inhibition and habituation to evoked potentials: relevance for pathophysiology of migraine
title_fullStr Cortical inhibition and habituation to evoked potentials: relevance for pathophysiology of migraine
title_full_unstemmed Cortical inhibition and habituation to evoked potentials: relevance for pathophysiology of migraine
title_short Cortical inhibition and habituation to evoked potentials: relevance for pathophysiology of migraine
title_sort cortical inhibition and habituation to evoked potentials: relevance for pathophysiology of migraine
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3451650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19209386
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10194-008-0095-x
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